A mix. The southern congress didn't pass legislation allowing black combat soldiers, free or slave, until March 1865.
"The South took the initiative in employing Negroes as soldiers, but they were free Negroes, and many of them owned large interests in Louisiana and South Carolina."
George W. Williams, A History of the Negro Troops in the War of the Rebellion. Harper & Bros, 1888, p. 81 quoted by Dr. H.C. Blackerby, Blacks in Blue and Gray, 1979, p. 5