In sum, one cannot reasonably discuss the "origin of life" without first being able to describe the physical difference between that which is alive and that which is not.
I haven't found this definition used by Shannon anywhere. I did find a reference from Berlinski making the claim. If Berlinski's horrible book on algorithms is an example of his work, his re-definition of information isn't very accurate or useful.
According to Shannon and Weaver information is defined as a measure of ones freedom of choice when one selects a message. In information theory, information and uncertainty are closely related. Information refers to the degree of uncertainty present in a situation.
It's better to go to Shannon (or Shannon and Weaver, an easily accessible booklet) to find out what is actually meant rather than rely on a (seeming unreliable) third party. Shannons papers are available online.