1st United States Congress | ||
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1 |
This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and Representatives are listed by district.
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, all Senators were newly elected, and Class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring re-election in 1790; Class 2 meant their term ended with the next Congress, requiring re-election in 1792; and Class 3 meant their term lasted through the next two Congresses, requiring re-election in 1794.
The names of members of the House of Representatives are listed by their districts.
There were no political parties in this Congress. Members are informally grouped into factions of similar interest, based on an analysis of their voting record.[2]
New York, North Carolina, and Rhode Island, were the last states to ratify the U.S. Constitution, and because of their late ratification, were unable to send full representation at the beginning of this Congress. Six Senators and nine Representatives were subsequently seated from these states during the sessions as noted.
There was 1 resignation, 1 death, 1 replacement of a temporary appointee, and 6 new seats. The Anti-Administration Senators picked up a 1-seat net gain and the Pro-Administration Senators picked up 4 seats.
State (class) |
Vacator | Reason for change | Successor | Date of successor's formal installation |
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New York (3) | New seats | State legislature failed to choose Senator until after Congress began. | Rufus King (P) | July 25, 1789 |
New York (1) | Philip John Schuyler (P) | July 27, 1789 | ||
North Carolina (3) | North Carolina ratified the constitution on November 21, 1789. | Benjamin Hawkins (P) | Elected November 27, 1789 | |
North Carolina (2) | Samuel Johnston (P) | |||
Virginia (1) |
William Grayson (A) | Died March 12, 1790. | John Walker (P) | Appointed March 31, 1790 |
Rhode Island (1) | New seats | Rhode Island ratified the constitution on May 29, 1790. | Theodore Foster (P) | Elected June 7, 1790 |
Rhode Island (2) | Joseph Stanton, Jr. (A) | |||
Virginia (1) |
John Walker (P) | James Monroe was elected to the seat of Senator William Grayson. | James Monroe (A) | Elected November 9, 1790 |
New Jersey (2) | William Paterson (P) | Resigned November 13, 1790, having been elected Governor of New Jersey. |
Philemon Dickinson (P) | Elected November 23, 1790 |
There was 2 resignations, 1 death, and 6 new seats. Anti-Administration members picked up 3 seats and Pro-Administration members picked up 2 seats.
District | Vacator | Reason for change | Successor | Date of successor's formal installation |
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New Hampshire At-Large | Benjamin West (P) | Declined to serve | Abiel Foster (P) | June 23, 1789 |
North Carolina 1st | New seats | North Carolina ratified the constitution on November 21, 1789. | John Baptista Ashe (A) | March 24, 1790 |
North Carolina 2nd | Hugh Williamson (A) | March 19, 1790 | ||
North Carolina 3rd | Timothy Bloodworth (A) | April 6, 1790 | ||
North Carolina 4th | John Steele (P) | April 19, 1790 | ||
North Carolina 5th | John Sevier (P) | June 16, 1790 | ||
Rhode Island At-large | New seat | Rhode Island ratified the constitution on May 29, 1790. | Benjamin Bourne (P) | December 17, 1790 |
Virginia 9th | Theodorick Bland (A) | Died June 1, 1790. | William B. Giles (A) | December 7, 1790 |
Massachusetts 5th | George Partridge (P) | Resigned August 14, 1790. | Remained vacant until next Congress |
Naturalization act of 1790 was repealed.