The Russians and the U.S. to a much lesser extent these days still have strategic bombers. The missiles and SLBMs go in first for the high value targets and the bombers strike the secondary and follow-up targets. That map is not new and it has never been just military targets. Infrastructure, strategic resources, power, communications hubs as well as economic hubs have always been on the list.
There used to be supposedly “safe” relocation and recovery areas for reconstitution of military forces and civilian authority but how safe they really were was very much open to conjecture since any plan is null and void when the first enemy missile launches.
How much of the old standard planning is still in place in one form or another is questionable since SAC went away and subsequent administrations have wreaked their havoc.
Bottom line, the first inkling you have that a nuclear attack is imminent is a day or a week too late. When you hear the warning or look up and see the trails of the MIRVs, say a prayer, bend over and kiss your ass goodbye.
yes, of course the US has a bomber fleet on stand-by, most ready to fly in minutes....where as the Russians have old technology, that could just make it to America, then to be shot down, long before they could bomb anything....but ICBMs are the real threat, many countries have the potential to fly ICBMs....North Korea, Iran,and Russia.....