I agree with you that the common law did not generally enter into force in the United States federal government.
But the terms in the Constitution came from the common law and are to be understood in that light.
And every single state adopted the same rule (which was the same as the common law rule) for natural born citizenship.
NOWHERE was the rule adopted that you argue for.
NOWHERE.
And every single state adopted the same rule
You have a pathological fixation on state laws. State laws are not incorporated into Federal law - they are immaterial.