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To: knarf

Electoral college is based on the sum of number of representatives and Senators. Congress representatives are based on population.

Of course the constitution was amended to permit an income tax. Of course the constitutional government before that never collected direct taxes (taxes from states) in a meaningful way, funding most of the government by tariff income or from sales of land, neither of which was related to population


7 posted on 09/23/2012 2:21:37 PM PDT by donmeaker (Blunderbuss: A short weapon, ... now superceded in civilized countries by more advanced weaponry.)
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To: donmeaker
The 16th Amendment has nothing to do with “direct taxes” nor repeals the constitutional command that No Capitation, or other direct, Tax shall be laid, unless in Proportion to the Census or Enumeration herein before directed to be taken.

I might add, our very own Supreme Court has confirmed direct taxes are still required to be apportioned! See EISNER v. MACOMBER , 252 U.S. 189 (1920), decided after the 16th Amendment’s adoption. The Court states with regard to the 16th Amendment and apportionment:

‘a proper regard for its genesis, as well as its very clear language, requires also that this amendment shall not be extended by loose construction, so as to repeal or modify, except as applied to income, those provisions of the Constitution that require an apportionment according to population for direct taxes upon property, real and personal, this limitation still has an appropriate and important function, and is not to be overridden by Congress or disregarded by the courts.”

And nine years after the above case, the court again pointed out “As the present tax is not apportioned, it is forbidden, if direct.” ___ BROMLEY v. MCCAUGHN, 280 U.S. 124 (1929)

JWK

They are not “liberals”. They are conniving Marxist parasites who use the cloak of government force to steal the profits, gains and income which wage earners, business and investors have worked to create

30 posted on 09/23/2012 4:58:30 PM PDT by JOHN W K
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