The Constitution forms a government, not a league.... Each state having expressly parted with so many powers as to constitute jointly with other nations, a single nation, cannot from that period, posses any right to secede, because such succession does not break a league, but destroys the unity of a nation.... To say that any state may at pleasure secede from the union is to say that the United States is not a nation.... Because the union was formed by a compact, it is said that the parties to that compact may, when they feel themselves aggrieved, depart from it; but it is precisely because it is a compact that they may not. A compact is a binding obligation....
The Union uber alles theme was a development of the 1820s and especially the 1830s. I’m surprised you haven’t quoted Daniel Webster, who was their main spokesman.
Jackson’s views are not grounded in anything other than Jackson’s nationalistic sentiments, which have nothing to do with the actual Constitution or the views in 1789 of those who ratified it.
Consider something as simple as the “Perpetual Union” language from the Articles. The Framers were extremely familiar with the idea; they had the words; and they chose to exclude the concept.
No one signed up for a roach motel, as the 9th and 10th Amendments attest.
No, I don’t think Texas would secede, although I would prefer it.