The Fusion Revolution

The Renewable Energy Disaster ^ | Nov 2011 | Christopher Calder

[Kevmo]

The Fusion Revolution


When the first human animal figured out how to make fire at will, life on earth changed forever. The fictional character Sherlock Holmes once said that "When you have eliminated the impossible, whatever remains, however improbable, must be the truth." Using that logic, I have come to the conclusion that fossil fuels will soon become obsolete, and human history will again be dramatically altered. A total switchover to fusion power will take decades, but basic economics tells us that fusion reactors will win in the marketplace over their more costly competitors. Imagine a clean new world where oil and coal are only used to make chemicals, and where every nation on earth has equal access to low cost energy. Scientist Andrea Rossi's "Energy Catalyzer" (E-Cat) pressure fusion reactor promises to accomplish all of this and more.


Rossi states that he uses micrometer grain sized nickel dust enriched to contain more of two useful isotopes, N-62 and N-64. The nickel is then processed to increase the number of surface tubercles (protrusions) to provide greater area for heat producing reactions with hydrogen gas under pressure. Secret catalysts are added to break apart molecular hydrogen gas (H2) into atomic hydrogen (H1), and to make nickel more receptive to hydrogen nuclei. It has been speculated that the catalysts are iron dust (about 10% by weight) and very fine carbon powder. The iron dust might be added to break apart H2 into H1, and the carbon powder added as a "scavenger" for contaminating oxygen, and perhaps for other, less obvious purposes. Rossi states that the total cost of nickel processing plus the catalyst adds just 10% to the total cost of the fuel. Heat is applied to the pressurized nickel-hydrogen mixture to get the reaction started. The low energy nuclear reactions (LENR) that result drives the nuclei of hydrogen atoms into the heart of nickel, turning small amounts of nickel isotopes N-62 and N-64 into the copper isotopes CU-63 and CU-65. Every 6 months the fuel load is refreshed and the old metallic fuel is sold as valuable scrap metal.


According to Rossi, in the latest E-Cat design the ordinary resistive style heating elements are quickly turned off as the reactor becomes self-sustaining, then switched on again for ten minutes every half hour to keep the units operating in a stable, safely productive zone of pressure and heat. If Rossi uses higher pressures to output greater heat and produce continuous, totally self-sustaining operation, E-Cat output can become unstable, releasing too much energy too quickly, resulting in explosion. Rossi states that he has purposely exploded dozens of E-Cats during stress tests in order to determine the exact limits of safe operation. Rossi therefore operates his first generation E-Cats in a powered down mode, finely balancing pressure and heat. Future E-Cat designs, perhaps incorporating new construction materials, different reactor shapes, and more refined microprocessor controls should result in improved performance over time. The first internal combustion engine looks like a joke compared to today's designs, and Rossi's first generation E-Cats may look very primitive compared to what will be available in the world marketplace in the year 2021.

Rossi claims that nickel-hydrogen fusion can give the world electricity at a cost of just one cent per kilowatt hour when produced by large scale LENR (low energy nuclear reaction) power plants. Even if we skeptically triple that cost to 3 cents per kilowatt hour, it is still an incredible bargain. We currently pay at least 40 cents per kilowatt hour for intermittent electricity produced by solar panels, 15 cents per kilowatt hour for unpredictable wind power electricity, and 8 cents per kilowatt hour for electricity produce by natural gas fired power plants. Rossi states that just one pound of nickel can unleash as much energy as burning 517,000 pounds of oil, which is approximately 1,590 barrels worth. Fortunately, the earth has enough easily mineable nickel to supply all of our energy needs for millions of years.


In 2007 Rossi asked Professor Sergio Focardi to help him test his E-Cat prototype and verify that it did not emit dangerous radiation. Conventional "hot" nuclear fusion using lasers to super-heat deuterium and tritium creates so much radiation that it would be impossible to shield in a small, portable device like the E-Cat. Through extensive testing the two scientists found no dangerous levels of radiation escaping from the E-Cat’s lead lined fusion chamber. No radioactive materials are used in the reactor's construction, and the temporary internal gamma ray radiation produced by pressure fusion stops when the reactor is turned off, leaving behind no residual radioactive elements and zero toxic waste. After four years of studying the E-Cat, Professor Sergio Focardi gleefully declared that "This is the greatest discovery in human history," and went on to say that "The results will be immense: clean energy at (almost) zero cost."
The men behind the most important invention of the 21st century


Left Picture - Rossi on left and Focardi on right
Middle Picture - Stremmenos and Rossi working together, Focardi by fan
Right Picture - Stremmenos on left, Rossi in middle, and very interested Chinese official, Hauard Chen, on right

________________________________________
Background

Andrea Rossi - Master of Science and Engineering from the Università Degli Studi Di Milan. His degree is also known as "Philosophy of Science and Engineering." It is a broad science and engineering degree, not a degree in classical philosophy. Andrea Rossi has been an accomplished engineer since age 22, starting and owning several energy related businesses.


Sergio Focardi - Professor Emeritus of Experimental Physics at the Università di Bologna and author of numerous books and scientific articles. Focardi has a history of researching nickel-hydrogen fusion even before teaming up with Andrea Rossi.


Christos Stremmenos - Former physics professor at the Università di Bologna and former Greek ambassador to Italy. Stremmenos has many social ties to the current Greek Government because of his history of valiant political opposition to the military dictatorship in Greece during the 1960s. Stremmenos researched nickel-hydrogen fusion before meeting Andrea Rossi.
________________________________________

Sometime in the year 2010, Andrea Rossi contacted Dr. Joseph Levi, a physics professor at the University of Bologna associated with the Italian National Institute of Nuclear Physics (INFN). After conducting preliminary tests in private, Levi set up an historic public demonstration on January 14, 2011, attended by 50 scientists from the University of Bologna and the INFN. The E-Cat produced 12.4 kilowatts of heat with an input of just 0.4 kilowatts, a gain of 31 times input power. In a third test conducted by Levi in which the E-Cat was setup to produce large amounts of hot water rather than steam, the E-Cat produced a minimum of 15 kilowatts of heat continuously for over 18 hours, and outputted peaks of heat up to 130 kilowatts. This experiment showed that a potential measuring error caused by the production of incompletely vaporized water, known as "wet steam", was not a factor in determining the E-Cat's energy output. Dr. Levi stated that "Now that I have seen the device work for so many hours, in my view all chemical energy sources are excluded.”

On March 29th, 2011, two Swedish scientists participated in a test of Rossi's new mini E-Cat, which produced over 4.4 kilowatts of heat from a volume of only 50 cubic centimeters (3.05 cubic inches), just one twentieth the size of the original one liter E-Cat prototype. Hanno Essén is an associate professor of theoretical physics at the Swedish Royal Institute of Technology, and ironically a former chairman of the Swedish Skeptics Society. Essén stated that "In some way a new kind of physics is taking place. It’s enigmatic, but probably no new laws of nature are involved. We believe it is possible to explain the process with known laws of nature.” He went on to say that "We checked everything that could be checked, and we could walk around freely and have a look at most of the equipment."

Sven Kullander, a Professor at Uppsala University and chairman of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences’ Energy Committee, also participated in the test. Kullander stated that "My belief that there is an energy development far beyond what one would expect has been strengthened significantly as I have had the opportunity to see the process for myself and perform measurements." Their group report stated that "Any chemical process for producing 25 kWh from any fuel in a 50 cm3 container can be ruled out. The only alternative explanation is that there is some kind of a nuclear process that gives rise to the measured energy production."

Sherlock Holmes would ask what are the odds that Rossi, Focardi, Levi, Essén, Kullander, Christos Stremmenos, and a dozen other top scientists could all go insane at the same time, deciding to throw away their reputations, careers, and scientific legacies by endorsing a fraudulent energy scheme. How could a public test closely observed by 50 scientists be faked? The E-Cat produced so much energy that if the power had come from the wall socket, the power cord would have melted. No tiny hidden battery could have possibly unleashed so much energy, and the small amount of hydrogen gas consumed during the reactor test was independently measured at less than 1 gram, thus simple combustion is ruled out as an energy source. Overall hydrogen consumption for the E-Cat is estimated at 0.01 grams of hydrogen to produce 10 kilowatt hours of heat. The only reasonable explanation for the excess energy produced is some form of low energy nuclear reaction (LENR). Thus, no matter how improbable it is that Rossi and others have discovered a new field of physics, it must be true according to the practical logic of Sherlock Holmes.


Unlike the notoriously flawed "cold fusion" experiments using deuterium and palladium conducted by Stanley Pons and Martin Fleischmann in 1989, Rossi’s invention is decidedly "hot" in that the reactor yields generous amounts of reliable heat. The reaction is so powerful that even a first year engineering student could easily measure the E-Cat’s healthy net energy gain. We therefore know with certainty that the E-Cat’s energy is real and not an illusion created by measuring error, a possibility that haunted the work of Pons and Fleischmann. Rossi’s initial scientific paper on the E-Cat was rejected by established journals because even Rossi himself could not come up with a sufficiently detailed explanation of how the E-Cat works. Building an E-Cat is easier than explaining what happens inside the E-Cat’s reactor core. Andrea Rossi's explanation below is from a recent EV World interview and has been edited for clarity.


"To make it simple, what happens is that nickel has a particularity that protons spread from it's surface with extreme efficiency very close to the nucleus, even if repelled by the so called coulomb barrier forces. When we inject protons of hydrogen at high pressures and temperatures, they go pretty close to the nucleus of the nickel. At those points we have nuclear effects that produce gamma rays which add more energy. We increase the pressure leading to extremely high pressures... similar to ones that happen inside White Dwarf stars. In that situation the so called Gamow Factor, which is a probabilistic calculation of the coulomb repelling forces, is overcome. At that point enough energy is produced to make it worth being recorded." - Andrea Rossi

Professor Christos Stremmenos has submitted his own ideas on how the E-Cat functions here. Purdue University Professor Yeong E. Kim's paper suggesting that Bose-Einstein theory may explain E-Cat phenomena can be found here. Remember that scientists and engineers do not invent the laws of nature and can only attempt to explain the functions of nature within the limitations of our mortal human abilities. Andrea Rossi himself has paid the University of Bologna to test the E-Cat and come up with their own theories on how it works in a year long study program to begin in November of 2011.

Much experimentation will be needed before the full potential of E-Cat technology is realized, and as always the original inventor’s work will be greatly improved upon by other scientists from around the world. As pressure fusion is a completely new, inherently nontoxic technology, there are no regulatory barriers to slow its rapid technological advance. The growth of E-Cat use may thus be as exponential in progression as the use of personal computers in the 1990s. E-Cats may end up being sold by large chain stores and familiar online retailers. No precious metals are used in the low cost, easy to manufacture E-Cats, and any company with the technological skills required to build an air conditioner can produce them in large numbers on assembly lines. That means even poor, relatively undeveloped countries will be able to manufacture them.

Finding safe ways to scale up E-Cat technology to the giant gigawatt size needed to replace major fossil fuel and fission nuclear power plants will take a few years of research by big corporations. If E-Cats turn out to be as economical as expected, they will eventually be used to power cars, trucks, trains, ships, aircraft, and spacecraft. Imagine a luxury sedan you could drive for thousands of miles without refueling, or a small aircraft you could fly from New York to Beijing nonstop at low cost.


The American based company, Ampenergo, will handle E-Cat sales and technology licensing contracts in the Western Hemisphere. A European based E-Cat licensing and manufacturing deal with the Greek company, Defkalion Green Technologies, has come into question after a dramatic argument with Rossi. Rossi accused Defkalion of not living up to their financial agreement with his own company, Leonardo Corporation, by not coming through with an expected lump sum payment. A conciliatory Defkalion claims that both Rossi and Defkalion are under great pressure from banks and major corporations interested in preserving our reliance on fossil fuels. See Defkalion's dramatic statement, as if lifted from a best selling novel, or even from the Keanu Reeves movie, Chain Reaction. Rossi states that "The issue (with Defkalion) is just financial, not personal, nor technological, nor scientific." Rossi has recently sold his own home in order to raise funds to finish his one megawatt E-Cat reactor, so all of his own personal chips are now on the table.


Defkalion states they are surging ahead with plans to mass produce their own unique version of E-Cats, which they call Hyperion Modules. [NEWS: See November 14th, 2011, Defkalion press release with pictures of their latest Hyperion Modules and lab equipment] Internet rumors suggest that Defkalion's fusion reactors perform even better than Rossi built E-Cats, and that Defkalion figured out their own "secret catalyst" without Rossi's help. I predict we will not know all of the real facts until a major motion picture is made of the birth of E-Cat technology, something along the lines of the 2010 movie, The Social Network, about the birth of Facebook. May I suggest to Hollywood movie moguls the working title, The New Fire. Dramatic tension continues to build, and the stakes could not be higher. With the world economy in shambles, E-Cat technology represents the only magic bullet solution that can lead us out of global financial and ecological calamity. What will happen next?

Rossi's recent October 6th public test in Bologna, Italy, of a single E-Cat reactor cell in "self-sustaining mode" produced energy for almost four hours with inconsequential energy input, which was carefully measured and subtracted from the energy output measurements. If the E-Cat was not producing heat from low energy nuclear reactions (LENR), then the constant flow of water would have cooled the E-Cat down to room temperature. Instead, the E-Cat maintained stable heat production and continued to boil water. As the E-Cat did not lose any weight during the test, chemical reactions can be ruled out as a source of the heat. Defkalion's public reaction (and here) to the October 6th test has added more drama and soap opera interest to this breaking news story.

An unnamed corporate or military customer (possibly DARPA or SPAWAR) tested Rossi's one megawatt (heat) E-Cat power plant on October 28th, 2011. The test was conducted by Domenico Fioravanti, who reportedly is a NATO colonel and engineer with 30 years of experience in thermodynamics. The reactor was run in half power self-sustain mode for over 5.5 hours. That means there was no energy input during 5.5 hours of continuous operation. "According to the customer’s controller, Domenico Fioravanti, the plant released 2,635 kWh during five and a half hours of self sustained mode, which is equivalent to an average power of 479 kilowatts."

Rossi states that the first E-Cat reactors he sells will be for heating and cooling, including a low cost home heating model, a 40 centimeter (15.75") cube weighing 60 kilograms (132 pounds). You can keep up with fast moving E-Cat events through e-catworld.com/ The Swedish engineering journal, NyTeknik, helped with the October 6th testing and has a news story published here, and a technical report here. Below is NyTeknik's graph of the October 6th E-Cat test with notations by Andrea Rossi.



If E-Cat technology works as promised, and as every public and private test to date indicates, then humans will gradually replace all fossil fuels with energy from nickel-hydrogen fusion. There will be no risk of radioactive pollution because E-Cats contain no radioactive or fissile materials. Fusion power will put an end to biofuels and all the environmental damage and food price hyperinflation they create. E-Cats will raise our standard of living by lowering the cost of food, shelter, clothing, consumer goods, transportation…everything.

Andrea Rossi has potential competition in the design of very large scale nuclear fusion power plants. Tri Alpha Energy uses boron and hydrogen as nuclear fuel, which breaks up into three helium-4 nuclei and three alpha particles, a process that produces little or no radioactive waste. Rossi's reactor must heat liquids to push turbines to make electricity. Tri Alpha's reactor can theoretically create electricity directly with no turbine required, increasing efficiency while reducing size and construction costs. Tri Alpha's concept is so appealing that famed Microsoft co-founder, Paul Allen, has invested millions of dollars into the highly secretive Rancho Santa Margarita based company.


If nuclear fusion does not work as hope, then the next obvious alternative is the Liquid Fluoride Thorium Reactor (LFTR), which is the safest, cleanest, and most efficient fission reactor design available. After the serious nuclear accidents in Japan, however, any development of LFTR technology or other new fission reactor design will be painfully slow, perhaps too slow to avoid further dramatic collapse of the world economies which rely so heavily on affordable energy. Let us all hope that nickel-hydrogen fusion does work as claimed, because billions of human lives will be saved by a major reduction in energy costs.


Christopher Calder email = archive100 AT inbox DOT com

Links:

Rossi's paper - "A new energy source from nuclear fusion"

Interview with Andrea Rossi

Andrea Rossi's website - "Journal of Nuclear Physics"

Rossi's patent application

main website, with overview of all major energy sources - The Renewable Energy Disaster

[Kevmo]

No chemical process can do that.
***Prove it.

In fact, the Nickel “fuel” and the Nickel/Copper/Iron “ash” is the only physical evidence that Rossi has presented regarding how the E-Cat supposedly works.
***You seem to think that Rossi is interested in presenting physical evidence.

I have, more than once, presented a fairly detailed post explaining how those samples actually contradict Rossi’s claim. Nobody has posted a serious rebuttal to it. I guess the Rossi fanboys don’t want a serious discussion.
***As I’ve suggested in the past, it should be posted as its own thread. It gets lost in the weeds when it’s just one of the comments in a thread. If you’ve posted it more than once and there’s been no rebuttal, it has been lost to the noise.

[Kevmo]

There is much more solid evidence of fraud than of LENR.
***Then let’s start with the 14,700 times that LENR has been replicated.

[Kevmo]

You have, in the past, proudly posted that you would not read any of the fraud links I’ve been providing.
***”Proudly” isn’t how I would characterize it. Like I said, I was interested in LENR before Rossi came around. Your interest seems to be scams. Go ahead and prove it’s a scam. But you can’t.

Maybe you should take your own advice and investigate that.
***Why should I? I keep running into a ton of classic fallacies from your seagull brigade. If they demonstrated some solid reasoning, I might be interested.

[Kevmo]

Rossi claims his process to be nuclear, and even claims to be using nuclear enrichment on his fuel.

***Rossi claims his process is exothermic. I haven’t heard the claim of nuclear enrichment. Sounds interesting.

[Kevmo]

There isn’t any proof there is a actual customer....
***There isn’t any proof there wasn’t. The best evidence approach suggests that there was a customer.

[Kevmo]

you don’t think con men don’t create their own skeptics to convince? It really helps in selling the con.
***Sure it does, in the movies, which is where you get your argument from. In the real world, Occham’s Razor prevails, and adding con men to the equation just increases the chance that the con will be blown.

[Lx]

I do "understand this stuff". I was making and measuring radioisotopes (probably) before you were out of diapers.
SCORE=For an Adult, Lame, keep in mind, it's my mistake that I assumed you were an adult! We're going to need a parent teacher conference for Wonder Weinerdog
We also would have accepted, before you were even a gleam in your mother's eyes.

So there! and your adopted momma wears combat boots! Too funny, I feel like I'm an elementary school, my highest level of learning achieved.

 

So, you need a heart transplant, right before they put you out, you find out your Doctor's degree is fraudulent, do you continue on?

On these elements being tested, are we sure the nickel he submitted is what he puts in his device? Are we sure the second elements are from a reactor that was running or even near one of his reactors.

Don't tell me he had two boxes, one marked before and the other marked after that he had assayed?

And, if he did, people bought this? Please tell me there is a clear chain of evidence here.

So far, none of the Rossi fanboys have any response to the factory he said he had in Ferrara that he used his old design Ecat to heat this factory for a year, where's that Ecat??? Since Ecats shown early this year are the L shaped ones like in his patent, why isn't he showing it off; if a tiny piece of equipment can heat his factory, imagine what the new and improved Ecat can do? What did this factory produce anyway, that is before it burned down? This seems to happen to him a lot. Didn't his factory in the states that was supposed to be producing super efficient TE devices burn?

The Ferrara Factory burned down.

Is it just me or do we have to pretty much depend on the honesty and integrity of Rossi (and his goombahs)as the sole sources of information?

At least Rossi has a new more trustworthy spokesman than Sterling Allan:

From: DOD Fuel Cell.

...Leonardo Technologies, Inc. LTI was incorporated as a response to the thermoelectric power generation research by Dr. Andre Rossi. Dr. Rossi indicated that his devices would produce 20 percent efficiencies, a vast increase from the current science of 4 percent conversion of waste heat to electrical power. Dr. Rossi believed that he could increase the physical size of the TE Devices and maintain superior power generation. In furtherance of his research, in early 2000, LTI, Rossi's company, not the military had tests conducted at the University of New Hampshire (UNH), Durham, NH, using a small scale LTI TE Device. Over a period of 7 days, the UNH power plant staff recorded voltage and amperage readings every 1/2 hr. The TE Device produced approximately 100 volts and 1 ampere of current, providing 100 watts of power. After this initial 6 ERDC/CERL TR-04-20 success, and a fire that destroyed his Manchester, NH location, Dr. Rossi returned to Italy to continue the manufacture of the TE Devices. In Italy, Dr. Rossi believed that LTI could manufacture more cost-effective TE generating devices with lower labor and assembly costs. Accordingly, Dr. Rossi engaged a subcontractor to fulfill the requirements of manufacturing and assembly.

The New Hampshire Factory Burned down

This is an excerpt from above:

LTI had tests conducted at the University of New Hampshire (UNH), Durham, NH, using a small scale LTI TE Device. Over a period of 7 days, the UNH power plant staff recorded voltage and amperage readings every 1/2 hr. The TE Device produced approximately 100 volts and 1 ampere of current, providing 100 watts of power.

In a, "Where Are They Now Vein", what happened to the 20% efficient TE devices Rossi created? Has he been able to make another?

Let's use Occams's Bic, what is more likely, Rossi created a TE that is 20% efficient compared to the normal 4% efficient ones.
OR,
Rossi gamed the test results in the college lab; keep in mind, LTI, Rossi's company was the one paying and supervising the tests, when the gov wanted to test them on their own equipment with their own scientists, a fire breaks out in Rossi's factory, (can you imagine what his fire insurance costs?).

Now,
1) either his devices worked which would be pretty impressive or
2) He somehow fudged the numbers and when interest got high and he realized he couldn't control the testing, poof, factory goes up in smoke. Now, normally, I'd be inclined to give him the benefit of the doubt BUT, are we supposed to believe:

1) The only working prototype was in that factory.
2) The design for that device was stored on a computer which went up in smoke.
3) He doesn't back up his systems and send data off site to a place like Iron Mountain? This means all his work, payroll records, permits filed, all contracts, they were all destroyed?
4) Rossi can't seem to now recall the secret that caused his TE device to have such high efficiency?
5) Where is his latest factory, does he have fire or arson insurance? So, on the TE device, if you look at the testing protocol it looks like it was designed by Rossi. We're in the 21st century, all he had to do to get a continuous flow of data was a few keystrokes and no, I seriously doubt it would fill up the hard drive. They have these things called networks now that allows you to put the monitoring laptop(s) on the network and be able to use almost unlimited storage.

Since this thing is supposed to be Nuclear, fission or fusion, either way, no one expects the NRC to do anything but use everything in their power to
A) shut it down, that's assuming the NRC is filled with Bama's fellow travelers who want us to live in the 18th century while they, our bettors, will manage what is good for us. Or
B) get their mits on this thing and create a regulation manual two feet high that has regulations that are impossible to meet? Assuming everything Rossi said is true, just getting past regulations in each country where one of these things is going to be put will take a generation, even with the right payoffs.

This is a good read:

New Energy times I

Again, we always hear about Rossi and his factories. Where are they, how many employees in each and what is he making?

I would love to see the state that other 'energy' promoters are in such as Dennis Lee and Joseph Newman, they must be so frustrated to see Rossi's scam work so well.

Finally, some information from respectable (mostly) journals:

New Energy Times I

Let's address some rumors:

There were reports that Rossi's mystery buyer were:

The U.S. Navy
SPAWAR
NI
According to these links, The U.S. Navy, SPAWAR or NI did not buy the plant: NI Statement via Forbes II.

University of Bologna Denies Faculty Involvement with Rossi

Here's an interesting quote from the, New Energy Time II  link.

...Sander Olson, a writer for Next Big Future, contacted me yesterday about the SPAWAR rumor.

“After having read your articles on E-CAT and receiving independent confirmation from SPAWAR that they are not taking possession of any device from Rossi,” Olson wrote, “I have decided that he is almost certainly a fraud and [I] will not pursue an interview. I always suspected that he was a fraud and I now find the evidence overwhelming. Thank you for providing assistance in this matter.”

Finally, Rossi does have a real degree: He earned a bachelor’s degree in 1973 in the philosophy of science and engineering from the University of Milan’s School of Philosophy.

[dila813]

There is zero evidence there is a customer...plzzzzzzzzzzz

[dila813]

oh, he will be discovered, the question is whether he will be caught.

[dila813]

fantastic! Great job pulling this all together in a well written reply!

[Kevmo]

There is all the people who were there at the demo. Your only choice now is that they were in on the fraud. As the number of conspirators grows, so do the chances of your theory being popped like a balloon.

[dila813]

As far as I know, none of these people have experience dealing with exposing scientific fraud......so meaningless.

[Kevmo]

Your arguments are becoming weaker.

[Johnny B.]

No chemical process can do that. ***Prove it.

What, prove that chemical reactions never create new elements? All I have is several hundred years of experimental data and rock solid theory.

If you're claiming that chemical reactions do create new elements, please show any evidence at all to support your claim. Otherwise, you're just showing yourself to be a fool.

***You seem to think that Rossi is interested in presenting physical evidence.

It's obvious that Rossi isn't interested in releasing the actual facts about his gadget. If he did, it would be proven to be a fraud. He is very interested in releasing bits and pieces of a mixture of truth and lies for the purpose of conning people into believing he has some sort of breakthrough.

***As I’ve suggested in the past, it should be posted as its own thread.

Since I posted that, WW has made a rather pathetic attempt to argue against it. WW claims to be involved in radioisotope processing, but his comments make me question that. At the very least, WW seems to be willing to disregard all of his training in order to give Rossi the benefit of the doubt.

[Kevmo]

Original statement: It’s more than a “little extra heat” but I can accept that it’s chemical in nature.

Johnny B: What, prove that chemical reactions never create new elements?

[Kevmo]

If he did, it would be proven to be a fraud. He is very interested in releasing bits and pieces of a mixture of truth and lies for the purpose of conning people into believing he has some sort of breakthrough.
***That’s just conjecture. He’s interested in releasing bits & pieces enough to sell his devices. A lot like the Wright brothers. Or were they con men, too?

[dinodino]

I don’t think you understand Occam’s Razor. You keep using that word, but I don’t think it means what you think it means.

[dinodino]

Great post, Lx. Waiting for rebuttals from WW and Kevmo.

[Johnny B.]

Don't tell me he had two boxes, one marked before and the other marked after that he had assayed?

And, if he did, people bought this? Please tell me there is a clear chain of evidence here.

No signs of any chain of evidence. The articles I've read simply state that Rossi supplied two samples, which he claimed were "before" and "after".

As I've pointed out several times, this is the only physical evidence related to the E-Cat, and it contradicts several claims by Rossi and his associates.

Rossi could have released the actual report, but chose not to do so. We have to assume that Rossi finds it beneficial to have rumors about an assay being done, without having to justify the results of that assay.

[Wonder Warthog]

"LMAO.....Really?"

Kullander certainly thinks so, and he has probably forgotten more about isotopes than you or I ever learned.