[muawiyah]

Without an understanding of the concepts "dark matter" and "dark energy" you can't begin to get a grasp of the small fraction of the Universe that's measurable and observable.

So much for materialism ~ it's only a trivial part of knowledge.

[jec41]

Without an understanding of the concepts "dark matter" and "dark energy" you can't begin to get a grasp of the small fraction of the Universe that's measurable and observable.

So much for materialism ~ it's only a trivial part of knowledge.

Without understanding of methods little is possible and what is trivial remains opinion.

There are only 3 methods of acquiring knowledge known to man.

The method of Philosophy is the argument for proof of faith and belief in things unknown.

The method of science is observation of a material fact, evidence and empirical evidence of the fact and the explanation of the fact that constitutes theory.

The method of Mathematics is designation of symbols and numbers to prove absolutes or determine laws.

The methods are separate and distinct and are not interchangeable. Philosophy has provided little or no new knowledge in thousands of years. All or most new knowledge since the early middle ages has been by mathematics and science. It is essential that each be understood in any meaningful discussion of knowledge.