[#3Fan]

No. Justice Grier, In Texas v. White, wrote, "[t]he ordinance of secession was adopted by the convention on the 18th of February, 1861; submitted to a vote of the people, and ratified by an overwhelming majority. I admit that this was a very ill-advised measure. Still it was the sovereign act of a sovereign State."

Again, you try to sow confusion by attempting a twist on the meaning of simple words. You keep saying that secession was an act of the people but won't admit that it was a public act. The states seceded as states in conventions organized by the legislatures. That's as public as public gets.

Either way, you're screwed. If you are saying that the people acted outside of the legislature then they were indeed rebels and secession never existed since the legislatures had no say. If you admit that the legislatures turned over power to the conventions then that is covered under Article IV and since they didn't follow Article IV, they were rebels, and secession never existed because it was never proven.

[nolu chan]

[#3Fan] secession never existed because it was never proven.

Affixation of a state seal satisified all the requirements of 1 Stat. 122 (1790 ). Therefore secession existed, the naval coastal bombardment by the Vikings was unlawful, and there should be just compensation.

[4CJ]

Again, you try to sow confusion by attempting a twist on the meaning of simple words. You keep saying that secession was an act of the people but won't admit that it was a public act. The states seceded as states in conventions organized by the legislatures. That's as public as public gets.

Does the term "public official" mean anything to you? Public officials perform public acts. Public officials are the servants of the people. The "people" are sovereign over their Constitution, their legislature, judges, tax commsioners, county commisioners, governor, Attorney-General and other public officials.

Either way, you're screwed. If you are saying that the people acted outside of the legislature then they were indeed rebels and secession never existed since the legislatures had no say

Nope. Legislatures did not ratify the Constitution - constitutional conventions called by the legislature via election did. The people are sovereign over their elected officials.

If you admit that the legislatures turned over power to the conventions then that is covered under Article IV and since they didn't follow Article IV, they were rebels, and secession never existed because it was never proven.

Nope. Article IV covers public acts being "proven" to other states. The public acts in question were simply a call for elections to convention - which is legal. As previously noted, sovereign acts are not covered by either Article IV or the Supremacy clause.