Free Republic
Browse · Search
News/Activism
Topics · Post Article

Skip to comments.

Son of Weather Underground members who committed Brinks murders on Book-TV tonight 11:15PM ET
C-Span 2, Book-TV ^

Posted on 05/31/2009 8:21:56 PM PDT by ETL

Gringo: A Coming of Age in Latin America
Author: Chesa Boudin

Upcoming Schedule

Sunday, May 31, at 11:15 PM - 12:00 AM ET
Monday, June 1, at 4:00 AM - 5:00 AM ET

About the Program

Mr. Boudin is the child of former members of the Weather Underground, Kathy Boudin and David Gilbert. He details his own journey through leftist politics as a young adult in Venezuela when Chavez comes to power.

About the Author

Chesa Boudin is a Rhodes Scholar and contributor to The Nation magazine. He is also co-author of "The Venezuelan Revolution: 100 Questions and 100 Answers."

http://www.booktv.org/program.aspx?ProgramId=10399&SectionName=Politics&PlayMedia=No


TOPICS: Crime/Corruption; Extended News; News/Current Events
KEYWORDS: booktour; boudin; chesaboudin; davidharsanyi; domesticterrorism; radicalleft; weatherunderground
Navigation: use the links below to view more comments.
first 1-2021-29 next last
"They [Bill Ayers and Bernardine Dohrn] later became legal guardians of Chesa Boudin, the son of former Weathermen David Gilbert and Kathy Boudin, after his parents were arrested for their part in the Brinks Robbery of 1981.[4]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Ayers
_________________________________________________________

Marcia Froelke Coburn of ChicagoMag.com reveals the reason for the Ayers' children's names:
"For two radicals once living underground, Ayers and [Bernardine] Dohrn have raised three accomplished children: Zayd (named for a fallen Black Liberation soldier and colleague), 24, graduated from Brown University and has an M.F.A. degree in writing from Boston University, where he now teaches; Malik (for Malcolm X), 21, is attending the University of California at San Diego; and Chesa, 20, their adopted son, just finished his sophomore year at Yale University."
http://atlasshrugs2000.typepad.com/atlas_shrugs/2008/08/obamas-benefact.html
_________________________________________________________

The 1981 Weather Underground, Black Liberation Army-related Triple Murder in Nyack, NY

From David Horowitz's FrontPageMag.com/DiscoverTheNetworks.org:
"On October 20, 1981 -- long after the Weather Underground had ceased to exist -- former Underground member Kathy Boudin and her soon-to-be husband, David Gilbert, were accomplices in the robbery of a Brinks armored car in Nyack, New York. In the course of that heist, one Brinks guard and two Nyack police officers were murdered. Also involved in the robbery was Judith Clark, who had served a prison term for her participation in the 'Days of Rage.' Boudin hired attorney Leonard Weinglass, a law partner of her father, to defend her in the case.

Weinglass arranged for a plea bargain whereby Boudin pled guilty to one count of felony murder and robbery, in exchange for a prison sentence of twenty years to life. She was paroled in 2003, however, over strong opposition from New York State police. Gilbert remains in New York's Attica State Prison, having refused to bargain.

In 1985, former Weather Underground members Susan Rosenberg (who also was implicated in the Nyack robbery [Brinks truck robbery/murder]) and Linda Evans were apprehended while transporting 740 pounds of explosives which they both acknowledged were slated for use in additional bombings. Rosenberg was sentenced to 58 years in prison, Evans 40; President Bill Clinton pardoned both women in January 2001."
http://www.discoverthenetworks.org/groupProfile.asp?grpid=6808

AMBUSH: THE BRINKS ROBBERY OF 1981
[triple murder involving former Weather Underground, Black Liberation Army and Black Panthers members]


Jeral Wayne Williams (AKA Mutulu Shakur)
[stepfather of murdered rapper Tupac Shakur]

"The armored truck's final stop was the Nanuet National Bank on the second level of the mall. The crew was due to pick up almost $1.6 million dollars in cash from the bank. Inside the truck was an additional several hundred dollars in cash from earlier collections. Pete Paige was assigned to guard his partner as he handled the cash. His partner was assigned to enter the bank, retrieve the moneybags with Paige and place them into the back of the armored vehicle.

Also in the same parking lot that afternoon was a red Chevy van that cruised the area while the guards went inside the mall. The rear and side windows had been covered with plastic so no one could see inside. Inside the van was a man named Mutulu Shakur, 31, already a veteran of several armored car and bank robberies committed in the Bronx, Mt. Vernon, NY and Paramus, NJ. Shakur was an adopted name. His real name, or slave name as he described it, was Jeral Wayne Williams. He was a black nationalist who ran a financially corrupt acupuncture clinic in Lincoln Hospital in New York City, the first such clinic in the Bronx. Williams was an articulate and persuasive individual who recruited many disciples to follow him. Under the banner of black self-determination, he convinced his accomplices that it was up to them to seize funds from legitimate sources and "redistribute" the money to various black causes. With each robbery committed, the gang improved on its methods and became more sophisticated. They studied the reaction of guards and the police. They took the time to learn how police handled and investigated such crimes. Then, they made the appropriate adjustments on the next job.

"David J. Gilbert, 37, rented the vehicle that same day in the Bronx. Gilbert was a long time member of the Weather Underground and a fugitive from the state of Colorado where he faced charges of assault and possession of explosives. The passenger in the front seat of the U Haul was Kathy Boudin [another former Weather Underground member], on the run from the law since the townhouse explosion in 1970. The couple had dropped off their one-year old child with a babysitter in the morning and was waiting for the return of the red van."

"In the back of the red van were Cecilio 'Chui' Ferguson, 35, Samuel Brown AKA Solomon Bouines, 41, Samuel Smith AKA Mtayari Sundiata, 37, and Donald Weems AKA Kuwasi Balagoon, 35. There were others present, but it has never been proven who, or how many. All the men in back of the van were members of a group they called 'The Family.' Most of them had ties to the Black Panthers or the Black Liberation Army, radical political groups that had many violent confrontations with police during the 1970s."

"At approximately 3:55 p.m., Paige, a 24-year Brink's veteran and his partner, Joe Trombino, 48, exited the doors to the Mall rolling out the moneybags on a hand truck. They walked over to the Brink's truck and began to load up the bags onto the rear deck. Simultaneously, the red van pulled up and the rear doors swung open. One of the suspects, armed with a shotgun, ran to the front of the truck and immediately fired two blasts directly at the bulletproof windshield. The guard in the front seat ducked just in time and was unhurt.

Another suspect, wearing a ski mask, opened up with his M-16 automatic rifle before his feet even hit the pavement, striking Paige in the neck, arm and chest. He was killed instantly.

Joe Trombino fired just one shot before he was hit several times in his upper arm and shoulder. The bullets all but severed his arm off his shoulder. "I've got no arm!" he screamed. But Trombino would survive that day, only to perish years later in another terrorist attack at the World Trade Center on September 11, 2001."

http://www.crimelibrary.com/terrorists_spies/terrorists/brinks/4.html


David Gilbert (mugshot)
and Kathy Boudin (right)

"Their founding document [the Weather Underground's] called for the establishment of a "white fighting force" to be allied with the "Black Liberation Movement" and other "anti-colonial" movements[1] to achieve "the destruction of US imperialism and the achievement of a classless world: world communism."..."-Berger, Dan (2006). Outlaws of America: The Weather Underground and the Politics of Solidarity. AK Press, 95.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weatherman_Underground#cite_ref-Berger_0-0

Outlaws of America: The Weather Underground and the Politics of Solidarity (Paperback) by Dan Berger
http://www.amazon.com/Outlaws-America-Underground-Politics-Solidarity/dp/1904859410

The Investigation

The suspects were often described as "urban terrorists" in the press and cops everywhere were deeply worried about the role of the Black Liberation Army.

The B.L.A. was a notorious and violent group of extremists who planned and carried out unprovoked shootings of uniformed police officers. During the 1970s and early 1980s, there were several of these types of killings of which the B.L.A. were suspect. On May 20, 1971, New York City Police Officers Joseph Piagentini and Waverly Jones were shot and killed in an ambush in Harlem. The following year, on January 28, 1972, officers Gregory Foster and Rocco Laurie were murdered outside a restaurant in Manhattan. Another such shooting occurred on the night of April 16, 1981 when uniform cops pulled over a suspicious van in the St. Alban's section of Queens. Without any warning, two men jumped out of the rear of the van with machine guns and opened up on the unsuspecting cops. Both were immediately killed. This cold-blooded killing enraged cops everywhere. A later investigation indicated that an escaped radical, Joannne Chesimard, one of the most sought after individuals in America, may have been in that van. She was serving a life sentence for her role in the murder of a New Jersey State trooper in 1973 when she escaped from custody in 1979. This theory was never proven, but to this day, many of the investigators who worked on that case believed it to be true.
http://www.trutv.com/library/crime/terrorists_spies/terrorists/brinks/10.html

"[Bernardine] Dohrn [Bill Ayers' co-terrorist wife] once was on the FBI's 10 Most Wanted List. She served seven months in prison for refusing to cooperate with a grand jury investigating a 1981 armored truck robbery in Nyack, N.Y., in which two police officers [and 1 Brinks guard] were killed."
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/aponline/20011101/aponline190504_000.htm

1 posted on 05/31/2009 8:21:57 PM PDT by ETL
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | View Replies]

To: All

For all you'll ever need or want to know about
Wright's "Black Liberation Theology",
see my FR Home page:
http://www.freerepublic.com/~etl/

Hint...

"Their founding document [the Weather Underground's] called for the establishment of a "white fighting force" to be allied with the "Black Liberation Movement" and other "anti-colonial" movements[1] to achieve "the destruction of US imperialism and the achievement of a classless world: world communism."..."-Berger, Dan (2006). Outlaws of America: The Weather Underground and the Politics of Solidarity. AK Press, 95.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weatherman_Underground#cite_ref-Berger_0-0

Outlaws of America: The Weather Underground and the Politics of Solidarity (Paperback) by Dan Berger
http://www.amazon.com/Outlaws-America-Underground-Politics-Solidarity/dp/1904859410
_______________________________________________________

From the New York Times, August 24, 2003

"they [the Weather Underground] employed revolutionary jargon, advocated armed struggle and black liberation and began bombing buildings, taking responsibility for at least 20 attacks. Estimates of their number ranged at times from several dozen to several hundred."

Article: Quieter Lives for 60's Militants, but Intensity of Beliefs Hasn't Faded
http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F04E4DE1539F937A1575BC0A9659C8B63&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=2
_______________________________________________________

"This is a guy who lives in my neighborhood, who's a professor of English..."

YouTube Video:
The O'Reilly Factor confronts Bill Ayers:
October 24, 2008:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dP3uvK9gTIY
_______________________________________________________

Photobucket
Rev. Dr. Jeremiah Wright and Dr. William Ayers
are greeted by Rebekah Levin with the Committee
for a Just Peace in Israel and Palestine.
(Chuck Berman/Chicago Tribune / May 17, 2009)
http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/chi-ayers_wrightmay18,0,6689521.story

2 posted on 05/31/2009 8:24:54 PM PDT by ETL (ALL the Obama-commie connections at my FR Home page: http://www.freerepublic.com/~etl/)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 1 | View Replies]

To: All
Eric Holder's role in the pardons of BLA comrades/Weather Underground members, Rosenberg and Evans...

From David Horowitz's FrontPageMag.com/DiscoverTheNetworks.org:
PROFILE: ERIC HOLDER

"As Deputy Attorney General, Holder, as The Washington Post explained, 'was the gatekeeper for presidential pardons.' Indeed, Holder was a key figure entrusted with the task of vetting the Clinton administration's 176 last-minute pardons in January 2001. The beneficiaries of those pardons included such notables as former Weather Underground members Susan Rosenberg (who was involved in the deadly 1981 armed robbery of a Brink's armored car) and Linda Evans (who had used false identification to buy firearms, harbored a fugitive, and was in possession of 740 pounds of dynamite at the time of her arrest in 1985)."

http://www.discoverthenetworks.org/individualProfile.asp?indid=2357

3 posted on 05/31/2009 8:34:16 PM PDT by ETL (ALL the Obama-commie connections at my FR Home page: http://www.freerepublic.com/~etl/)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 1 | View Replies]

To: ETL
"At approximately 3:55 p.m., Paige, a 24-year Brink's veteran and his partner, Joe Trombino, 48, exited the doors to the Mall rolling out the moneybags on a hand truck. They walked over to the Brink's truck and began to load up the bags onto the rear deck. Simultaneously, the red van pulled up and the rear doors swung open. One of the suspects, armed with a shotgun, ran to the front of the truck and immediately fired two blasts directly at the bulletproof windshield.

The timeline is grossly off here. I know. I knew both officers personally and was a Town official at the time.

The robbery in Nanuet took place just before noon. Officers Brown and O'Grady, along with officer Keenan, who survived, were gunned down stopping the getaway van entering the NYS Thruway in Central Nyack. In fact, my father, who worked halfway between Nanuet and Nyack was driving home for lunch as he always did. I called him from Town Hall to ask him to go give blood at Nyack Hospital and he he asked me if it was for the "traffic accident" in Central Nyack.

The Town Supervisor dispatched me to Nyack Village Hall to see what assitance the Town could offer. I can remeber talking to the Mayor and saying to him that it sounded something like the Weathermen would do when I was in college.

4 posted on 05/31/2009 8:45:11 PM PDT by CaptRon (Perdicaris alive or Raisuli dead)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 1 | View Replies]

To: All
"Officer Waverly Brown and Sergeant Edward O'Grady were shot and killed by heavily armed members of the Black Liberation Army who had just robbed a bank and were attempting to escape. The suspects had just murdered an armored car guard and wounded two other guards before loading themselves into the back of a rental truck to be driven away by accomplices. The truck was stopped at a roadblock manned by several Nyack officers."


Sergeant Edward O'Grady

http://www.odmp.org/officer/10136-sergeant-edward-j.-ogrady-jr.


Officer Waverly Brown

http://www.odmp.org/officer/2372-police-officer-waverly-l.-brown

BRINKS KIN RIP JUDGE
By MARSHA KRANES

September 27, 2006 -- Outraged relatives of the two cops and a security guard slain in the 1981 Brinks armored-car heist blasted a federal judge yesterday for ordering that the woman convicted of driving the getaway car get a new trial.

"It defies comprehension. It defies logic," the son of slain Brinks guard Peter Paige said of the decision handed down by Manhattan federal Judge Shira Scheindlin.

http://www.nypost.com/seven/09272006/news/regionalnews/brinks_kin__rip_judge_regionalnews_marsha_kranes.htm
_________________________________________________________

Meet the Newest Member of the Faculty
Clinton pardons a terrorist, and now she's teaching in Clinton, N.Y.

BY ROGER KIMBALL
Friday, December 3, 2004

At Hamilton College--an elite liberal arts institution in Clinton, N.Y.--you can take courses in Roman civilization, Shakespeare and the "Emergence of Modern Western Europe, 1500-1815." All well and good. You can also take something called "Resistance Memoirs: Writing, Identity and Change." That last course--a month-long, half-credit seminar--is scheduled to begin next month. Its teacher is Susan Rosenberg, formerly of the Weather Underground.

Remember the Weather Underground? Its self-described revolutionaries, mostly middle-class, dedicated themselves to supporting radical black causes and tearing apart American society in the 1970s and early 1980s. In 1970, they blew up a townhouse when a bomb detonated prematurely and killed a few of their troops. Kathy Boudin, Bill Ayers, Bernardine Dohrn and other high-profile members of the group spent the next decade or so running from the police and, some of them, continuing to pursue careers in criminal violence.

Ms. Rosenberg did her part. In October 1981, in an operation code-named "The Big Dance," several black radicals and members of the Weather Underground held up a Brinks armored car in Nanuet, N.Y. In the course of that act of domestic terrorism, they murdered Peter Paige, a Brinks guard, and police officers Edward O'Grady and Waverly Brown, the only black officer on the Nyack, N.Y., force. Ms. Rosenberg, then still at large, was indicted as an accessory.

According to John Castellucci's "The Big Dance," an account of the Brinks robbery, Ms. Rosenberg's role in the Brinks job was performing surveillance, driving a getaway car and transmitting orders. "Any white who had taken part in the robbery," Mr. Castellucci writes, "would have received orders from her."

Mr. Castellucci reports that the Brinks robbery was only one of several violent episodes that Ms. Rosenberg was involved with in the late 1970s and early 1980s. She was finally apprehended in November 1984 while unloading a cache of weapons--including 740 pounds of explosives--at a storage facility in Cherry Hill, N.J. ..."

http://www.opinionjournal.com/forms/printThis.html?id=110005979

5 posted on 05/31/2009 8:48:23 PM PDT by ETL (ALL the Obama-commie connections at my FR Home page: http://www.freerepublic.com/~etl/)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 1 | View Replies]

To: CaptRon

Wow! Thanks for the firsthand account. believe it or not, I posted my previous before seeing your post.


6 posted on 05/31/2009 8:53:44 PM PDT by ETL (ALL the Obama-commie connections at my FR Home page: http://www.freerepublic.com/~etl/)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 4 | View Replies]

To: ETL
You seem to have an interest in this, which surprised me because it seems to have been forgotten. but the 3:55 PM thing really got me. Don't know where you got it but it's really wrong.

It took place in late morning and the Brink;s guard was killed at the scenen in Nanuet. The rest of the action was in Nyack. Two of the perps were captured when they crashed into Helen Hayes' wall while making an impossible turn driving too fast down a very steep street.

7 posted on 05/31/2009 8:58:58 PM PDT by CaptRon (Perdicaris alive or Raisuli dead)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 6 | View Replies]

To: ETL

BTW, Eddie O’Grady’s son went on to the Naval Academy and became a helicopter pilot.


8 posted on 05/31/2009 9:04:16 PM PDT by CaptRon (Perdicaris alive or Raisuli dead)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 6 | View Replies]

To: CaptRon

>the 3:55 PM thing really got me.
>Don’t know where you got it but it’s really wrong.

I provided a link to the source following the excerpt. Perhaps you might want to contact the site and correct them on that portion of the time line? The site is called “Crime Library”. The link is below following another (incredible) excerpt.

“Joe Trombino fired just one shot before he was hit several times in his upper arm and shoulder. The bullets all but severed his arm off his shoulder. “I’ve got no arm!” he screamed. But Trombino would survive that day, only to perish years later in another terrorist attack at the World Trade Center on September 11, 2001.”

http://www.crimelibrary.com/terrorists_spies/terrorists/brinks/4.html


9 posted on 05/31/2009 9:06:59 PM PDT by ETL (ALL the Obama-commie connections at my FR Home page: http://www.freerepublic.com/~etl/)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 7 | View Replies]

To: ETL
I'll check it out, but you can always find the truth at FR!

You do seem to have quite and interest, may I ask why? Are you local to here (I grew up in Nyack, hence my knowledge of it)

10 posted on 05/31/2009 9:09:51 PM PDT by CaptRon (Perdicaris alive or Raisuli dead)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 9 | View Replies]

To: ETL

I did not know about the ther guard dying at the WTC.


11 posted on 05/31/2009 9:10:44 PM PDT by CaptRon (Perdicaris alive or Raisuli dead)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 9 | View Replies]

To: CaptRon
You do seem to have quite an interest, may I ask why?

Check out my FR Home page. I've been researching Obama's communist connections for over a year now. I've compiled a ton of material on the Weather Underground and Black Liberation Movement (reverend Wright's thing).

http://www.freerepublic.com/~etl/

12 posted on 05/31/2009 9:15:39 PM PDT by ETL (ALL the Obama-commie connections at my FR Home page: http://www.freerepublic.com/~etl/)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 10 | View Replies]

To: ETL
I did. You seem to know more about it than people I know from here!

I just thought of another reason this guy's timeline in wrong. I saw Kathy Boudin in hand cuffs at Nyack Village Hall not later than 2 PM. The hall was small at that time and it was filled with DA's, Feds, reporters, etc.

And I almost got arressted myself at about the time that article said the event happened. I lived about two blocks from the police station in an old house on the second floor and i had a balcony. So i was out there watching them get hauled away. Some cop called in a guy in an elevated postition. the captain called back to tell the I was one of the good guys.

13 posted on 05/31/2009 9:20:54 PM PDT by CaptRon (Perdicaris alive or Raisuli dead)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 12 | View Replies]

To: CaptRon

Geez, no wonder you’re upset at the time line! :)

I do live in New York, BTW. I’ve lived Upstate for a short while (Central NYS), but nearly all my life has been in NY City.


14 posted on 05/31/2009 9:34:42 PM PDT by ETL (ALL the Obama-commie connections at my FR Home page: http://www.freerepublic.com/~etl/)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 13 | View Replies]

To: ETL

Actually, I’m being liberal about when I saw her. Been thinking about it. Told you I called my dad to give blood (which would have been too late anyway), so that had to be right after noon when he always went home for lunch. Right after the I went to Nyack, which was no more than a 20 minute trip from where I worked for the Town So I got there before 1 and she was already there. Not looking all that defiant I might add.


15 posted on 05/31/2009 9:38:33 PM PDT by CaptRon (Perdicaris alive or Raisuli dead)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 14 | View Replies]

To: CaptRon

>I did not know about the ther guard dying at the WTC.

His name was Joe Trombino. Below is a National Review piece I just found on his incredibly tragic story.

“Among the more than 3,000 men, women, and children who died in the al Qaeda attack on America last September 11, Joe Trombino was the only one twice victimized by terrorists. Trombino’s doubly tragic fate offers crucial lessons as the nation seeks ways to prevent future outrages.

On October 20, 1981, Trombino was loading bags of money from the Nanuet National Bank aboard his Brinks armored truck, while fellow guard Peter Paige stood back to the wall...”

[lots more at link]

Our Spies Failed Us: Joe Trombino, twice
September 11, 2002:
http://www.nationalreview.com/comment/comment-methvin091102.asp


16 posted on 05/31/2009 9:45:41 PM PDT by ETL (ALL the Obama-commie connections at my FR Home page: http://www.freerepublic.com/~etl/)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 11 | View Replies]

To: ETL

Brave man. Most of the press here was about Peter Paige. I have to admit your post was the first time I had heard his name. Of course, the deaths always make the news.


17 posted on 05/31/2009 9:47:59 PM PDT by CaptRon (Perdicaris alive or Raisuli dead)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 16 | View Replies]

To: CaptRon

That National Review piece I linked you to is an incredible article. Check out this excerpt...

“Shortly after 9 A.M. [Sep 11, 2001] Joe Trombino, now 68, waited in his Brinks armored truck in the World Trade Center basement for three fellow guards who were making a delivery on the eleventh floor. In 1993 he had made a delivery just hours before terrorists bombed the WTC. This time Trombino tried to imagine what was happening upstairs as the building began to shake and water cascaded down. A policeman ordered him to move his truck, and Trombino was calling into Brink’s operations center from a payphone when the line went dead.

http://www.nationalreview.com/comment/comment-methvin091102.asp


18 posted on 05/31/2009 9:56:08 PM PDT by ETL (ALL the Obama-commie connections at my FR Home page: http://www.freerepublic.com/~etl/)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 17 | View Replies]

To: ETL

I just read it. Also sent you a private reply.


19 posted on 05/31/2009 9:59:31 PM PDT by CaptRon (Perdicaris alive or Raisuli dead)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 18 | View Replies]

To: ETL; null and void; stockpirate; PhilDragoo; Candor7; MeekOneGOP; Myrddin; 1COUNTER-MORTER-68; ...

ETL, where to begin on this historical thread! Thank you. Great job, as usual.

Ping to article, and ALL comments. Bookmark for later reference. Perhaps save to file; information disappears from the ‘net.


20 posted on 05/31/2009 10:56:20 PM PDT by LucyT
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 1 | View Replies]


Navigation: use the links below to view more comments.
first 1-2021-29 next last

Disclaimer: Opinions posted on Free Republic are those of the individual posters and do not necessarily represent the opinion of Free Republic or its management. All materials posted herein are protected by copyright law and the exemption for fair use of copyrighted works.

Free Republic
Browse · Search
News/Activism
Topics · Post Article

FreeRepublic, LLC, PO BOX 9771, FRESNO, CA 93794
FreeRepublic.com is powered by software copyright 2000-2008 John Robinson