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Internet Kill Switch
Schneier on Security ^ | 12 July 2010 | Bruce Schneier

Posted on 07/12/2010 7:57:02 AM PDT by Palter

Last month, Sen. Joe Lieberman, I-Conn., introduced a bill that might -- we're not really sure -- give the president the authority to shut down all or portions of the Internet in the event of an emergency. It's not a new idea. Sens. Jay Rockefeller, D-W.Va., and Olympia Snowe, R-Maine, proposed the same thing last year, and some argue that the president can already do something like this. If this or a similar bill ever passes, the details will change considerably and repeatedly. So let's talk about the idea of an Internet kill switch in general.

It's a bad one.

Security is always a trade-off: costs versus benefits. So the first question to ask is: What are the benefits? There is only one possible use of this sort of capability, and that is in the face of a warfare-caliber enemy attack. It's the primary reason lawmakers are considering giving the president a kill switch. They know that shutting off the Internet, or even isolating the U.S. from the rest of the world, would cause damage, but they envision a scenario where not doing so would cause even more.

That reasoning is based on several flawed assumptions.

The first flawed assumption is that cyberspace has traditional borders, and we could somehow isolate ourselves from the rest of the world using an electronic Maginot Line. We can't.

Yes, we can cut off almost all international connectivity, but there are lots of ways to get out onto the Internet: satellite phones, obscure ISPs in Canada and Mexico, long-distance phone calls to Asia.

The Internet is the largest communications system mankind has ever created, and it works because it is distributed. There is no central authority. No nation is in charge. Plugging all the holes isn't possible.

Even if the president ordered all U.S. Internet companies to block, say, all packets coming from China, or restrict non-military communications, or just shut down access in the greater New York area, it wouldn't work. You can't figure out what packets do just by looking at them; if you could, defending against worms and viruses would be much easier.

And packets that come with return addresses are easy to spoof. Remember the cyberattack July 4, 2009, that probably came from North Korea, but might have come from England, or maybe Florida? On the Internet, disguising traffic is easy. And foreign cyberattackers could always have dial-up accounts via U.S. phone numbers and make long-distance calls to do their misdeeds.

The second flawed assumption is that we can predict the effects of such a shutdown. The Internet is the most complex machine mankind has ever built, and shutting down portions of it would have all sorts of unforeseen ancillary effects.

Would ATMs work? What about the stock exchanges? Which emergency services would fail? Would trucks and trains be able to route their cargo? Would airlines be able to route their passengers? How much of the military's logistical system would fail?

That's to say nothing of the variety of corporations that rely on the Internet to function, let alone the millions of Americans who would need to use it to communicate with their loved ones in a time of crisis.

Even worse, these effects would spill over internationally. The Internet is international in complex and surprising ways, and it would be impossible to ensure that the effects of a shutdown stayed domestic and didn't cause similar disasters in countries we're friendly with.

The third flawed assumption is that we could build this capability securely. We can't.

Once we engineered a selective shutdown switch into the Internet, and implemented a way to do what Internet engineers have spent decades making sure never happens, we would have created an enormous security vulnerability. We would make the job of any would-be terrorist intent on bringing down the Internet much easier.

Computer and network security is hard, and every Internet system we've ever created has security vulnerabilities. It would be folly to think this one wouldn't as well. And given how unlikely the risk is, any actual shutdown would be far more likely to be a result of an unfortunate error or a malicious hacker than of a presidential order.

But the main problem with an Internet kill switch is that it's too coarse a hammer.

Yes, the bad guys use the Internet to communicate, and they can use it to attack us. But the good guys use it, too, and the good guys far outnumber the bad guys.

Shutting the Internet down, either the whole thing or just a part of it, even in the face of a foreign military attack would do far more damage than it could possibly prevent. And it would hurt others whom we don't want to hurt.

For years we've been bombarded with scare stories about terrorists wanting to shut the Internet down. They're mostly fairy tales, but they're scary precisely because the Internet is so critical to so many things.

Why would we want to terrorize our own population by doing exactly what we don't want anyone else to do? And a national emergency is precisely the worst time to do it.

Just implementing the capability would be very expensive; I would rather see that money going toward securing our nation's critical infrastructure from attack.

Defending his proposal, Sen. Lieberman pointed out that China has this capability. It's debatable whether or not it actually does, but it's actively pursuing the capability because the country cares less about its citizens.

Here in the U.S., it is both wrong and dangerous to give the president the power and ability to commit Internet suicide and terrorize Americans in this way.


TOPICS: Computers/Internet; Government; Society
KEYWORDS: bigbrother; computers; editorial; internet; security
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1 posted on 07/12/2010 7:57:04 AM PDT by Palter
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To: Palter

I can think of no reason the government needs this.


2 posted on 07/12/2010 7:58:50 AM PDT by DonaldC (A nation cannot stand in the absence of religious principle.)
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To: Palter

And still no one is building the needed guillotines!


3 posted on 07/12/2010 7:59:06 AM PDT by MHGinTN (Obots, believing they cannot be deceived, it is impossible to convince them when they are deceived.)
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To: DonaldC
I can think of no reason the government needs this.

For the same reason King George would have wished for a kill-switch to instantly shut down virtually all communication between the rebels in the American colonies.
4 posted on 07/12/2010 8:00:53 AM PDT by aruanan
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To: aruanan

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Committee_of_correspondence

The committees of correspondence were bodies organized by the local governments of the Thirteen Colonies before the American Revolution for the purposes of coordinating written communication outside of the colonies. These served an important role in the Revolution, by disseminating the colonial interpretation of British actions between the colonies and to foreign governments. The committees of correspondence rallied opposition on common causes and established plans for collective action, and so the group of committees was the beginning of what later became a formal political union among the colonies.

As news during this period was typically spread in hand-written letters to be carried by couriers on horseback or aboard ships, the committees were responsible for ensuring that this news accurately reflected the views of their parent governmental body on a particular issue and was dispatched to the proper groups. Many correspondents were also members of the colonial legislative assemblies, and were active in the secret Sons of Liberty and Stamp Act Congress organizations.


5 posted on 07/12/2010 8:03:10 AM PDT by abb ("What ISN'T in the news is often more important than what IS." Ed Biersmith, 1942 -)
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To: DonaldC
I can think of no reason the government needs this.

Gov't coup. You wouldn't know it happened, and the MSM wouldn't report it. By the time you became aware of it, the new goverment would be in place. Dictator Obama would be in place, with an army behind him. Does that make sense?

No internet, no communications other than what the press choses to report. There is ONLY one reason to do this.

6 posted on 07/12/2010 8:12:23 AM PDT by Hodar (Who needs laws .... when this "feels" so right?)
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To: ShadowAce

For the tech list.


7 posted on 07/12/2010 8:13:31 AM PDT by CedarDave (Arrogant Obama on tax day protesters: "YouÂ’d think they would be saying 'Thank You!'.")
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To: Palter

If Bush had been given that same power 90% of the people on this board would be all for it.


8 posted on 07/12/2010 8:21:29 AM PDT by FightThePower! (Fight the powers that be!)
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To: MHGinTN
That seems needlessly french, and the french revolution isn't something we want to imitate. American tradition demands that we start with tarring and feather and for the more persistent tyranny minded folks a good traditional hanging. I'm not opposed to a firing squad either but with the ammo shortage these days perhaps other methods would be more prudent...and rope is reusable. We could make it out of hemp too for the hippies and the purists.
9 posted on 07/12/2010 8:27:37 AM PDT by Durus (The People have abdicated our duties and anxiously hopes for just two things, "Bread and Circuses")
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To: FightThePower!

I disagree.


10 posted on 07/12/2010 8:28:27 AM PDT by Durus (The People have abdicated our duties and anxiously hopes for just two things, "Bread and Circuses")
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To: FightThePower!

dftt


11 posted on 07/12/2010 8:29:10 AM PDT by DeoVindiceSicSemperTyrannis
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To: abb

Which underscores the reason why someone like Obama would want to be able to control the dominant and quickest (outside short wave radio) form of communication over distance.


12 posted on 07/12/2010 8:29:42 AM PDT by aruanan
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To: Durus

The putrifaction quotient being what it is with the democrap party, perhaps good quality steel cable would be preferred as noosing material. ... But I have it on reliable sourcing that several freepers should be able to supply the necessary ammo, should the need arise for cleaning up DC.


13 posted on 07/12/2010 8:31:22 AM PDT by MHGinTN (Obots, believing they cannot be deceived, it is impossible to convince them when they are deceived.)
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To: Hodar

The rats in dc would not have brought this up unless they had/have every intention of using the kill switch. Communists can’t stand dissent.


14 posted on 07/12/2010 8:32:43 AM PDT by Texas resident (Outlaw fisherman)
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To: FightThePower!

You’ve been a member since 2000 and you still don’t comprhend the nature of Freepers? ... Pitiful.


15 posted on 07/12/2010 8:33:01 AM PDT by MHGinTN (Obots, believing they cannot be deceived, it is impossible to convince them when they are deceived.)
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To: Palter

They can try, but I can’t see how this is technologically feasible. The Internet is a conglomeration of millions of personal computers and servers. There would always be a way around this. Think of when Iran tried to do it and servers in America were lending space for the rebels to use.


16 posted on 07/12/2010 8:47:16 AM PDT by dixjea
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To: Palter

They can try, but I can’t see how this is technologically feasible. The Internet is a conglomeration of millions of personal computers and servers. There would always be a way around this. Think of when Iran tried to do it and servers in America were lending space for the rebels to use.


17 posted on 07/12/2010 8:47:28 AM PDT by dixjea
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To: DonaldC
I can think of many reasons why the current government wants this capability:

“There is too many sources of information out there that competes with what we are trying to tell you (or words along those lines)” - BHO I.

Life was much easier in the 60’s, 70’s, and 80’s where a few dozen people decided what we were going to read and hear every day (ABC, CBS, CBS, PBS). CNN was the forerunner of the information explosion of the Internet; too bad it joined the MSM’s heard mentality.

Besides, I can imagine no greater or more effective weapon than totally free access to information via the Internet. Why else does every totalitarian government place draconian restriction on access to the Internet? I am more than willing to trade computers and cellular phones to change the world in my direction than any amount of foreign aid or American lives.

18 posted on 07/12/2010 8:56:52 AM PDT by Nip (Islam - a religion of piece (your head and life). Truth depends on the spelling)
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To: FightThePower!

i sure as hell wouldn’t have gone along with it.

0bama cuts off the internet and the revolution would be touched off.


19 posted on 07/12/2010 9:10:32 AM PDT by Finatic ("you see kids were so much wiser after the wars")
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To: dixjea

We seem to forget: These are Liberal definitions of “Removal”.

They banned guns in several areas. Does that mean it was impossible to get a gun ? No.

They talk now about removing internet. Do they mean “completely” ? No. They only mean for the masses. Info will still flow, but in the amount of time it takes to get messages around to the correct people, the government can move quickly to declare the emergency, and occupy the streets en force.

They don’t need it to be a 100% elimination of the internet. Just a large percentage of it.


20 posted on 07/12/2010 9:17:55 AM PDT by Celerity
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