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The Paradoxes That Threaten To Tear Modern Cosmology Apart
Medium ^ | 1/20/15

Posted on 01/20/2015 4:43:30 PM PST by LibWhacker

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To: LibWhacker
I'm not sure I understand the "big bang". In the very beginning, was all the matter in the entire universe contained in one solid piece of rock and then it exploded and has now spread outward creating galaxies and solar systems?

If so and if one could navigate space fast enough and head "outward" would there be an end of the "matter" infested universe in a sense that looking outward there would be nothing to see but darkness?

61 posted on 01/21/2015 1:50:49 PM PST by Hot Tabasco (I'm a man of no-color and proud of it.)
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To: Go_Raiders
Another possibility is we are inside the event horizon

What exactly is an "Event Horizon"? I once saw a movie of that name but could never understand the term........

62 posted on 01/21/2015 1:55:28 PM PST by Hot Tabasco (I'm a man of no-color and proud of it.)
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To: FredZarguna
Sorry for an overlong explanation. Sometimes I miss teaching physics...

How long did it take you to type that?

63 posted on 01/21/2015 1:59:12 PM PST by Hot Tabasco (I'm a man of no-color and proud of it.)
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To: Hot Tabasco

The point in the mouth of a Black hole where the gravity is so strong light cannot escape.
Hence you see nowt but black.
As far as i know ,only X-rays are emitted back from the Event Horizon.


64 posted on 01/21/2015 2:07:33 PM PST by moose07 (The Camels have reached the parking lot. Shields up!)
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To: Go_Raiders

(Last line.) LOL+!


65 posted on 01/21/2015 2:08:44 PM PST by moose07 (The Camels have reached the parking lot. Shields up!)
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To: Hot Tabasco

20, 30 minutes. I’m a software developer now, so I pretty much type for a living.


66 posted on 01/21/2015 2:16:11 PM PST by FredZarguna (O, Reason not the need.)
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To: moose07; Hot Tabasco
Yes, the event horizon is the radius below which the escape velocity is greater than the speed of light. Closer than that distance, and you don't get out.

X-Rays: Nothing comes back from the event horizon [well, because of Quantum Mechanics that's not quite true, but close enough.]

The X-rays "emitted from" Black Holes are actually the result of gravitational effects happening within a few thousands or millions of miles outside the event horizon. Here is one explanation: http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/24958/how-can-a-black-hole-emit-x-rays. There are other reasons as well. But all of them are well beyond the event horizon.

67 posted on 01/21/2015 2:23:44 PM PST by FredZarguna (O, Reason not the need.)
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To: FredZarguna
20, 30 minutes. I’m a software developer now, so I pretty much type for a living.

I hope you didn't take my question in the wrong way, I'm absolutely enthralled with your explanations on things that I used to dream about knowing...........thanks.

68 posted on 01/21/2015 2:24:59 PM PST by Hot Tabasco (I'm a man of no-color and proud of it.)
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To: Hot Tabasco

Not at all. I assumed it was just a point of curiosity.


69 posted on 01/21/2015 3:07:15 PM PST by FredZarguna (O, Reason not the need.)
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To: FredZarguna
Here's a question I posed to another participant on this thread and I hope you can help me out with it:

if one could navigate space fast enough and head "outward" would there be an end of the "matter" infested universe in a sense that looking outward there would be nothing to see but darkness?

In essence, is there an outlying edge of the existing universe where beyond that point lies nothingness? Or, is the existing universe contained within a box where there is ultimately a wall at the end of the expansion?

After looking at it, I know, it's a stupid question The question is not meant in any manner of "gotcha" but rather a combination of astrophysical and religious curiosity.......Thank you

70 posted on 01/21/2015 3:25:29 PM PST by Hot Tabasco (I'm a man of no-color and proud of it.)
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To: SunkenCiv

imagine that. seems like just yesterday that “string deniers” were *this close* to being burned at the stake.


71 posted on 01/21/2015 4:17:02 PM PST by 9thLife ("Life is a military endeavor..." -- Pope Francis)
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To: FredZarguna

Okay, got it — thanks.


72 posted on 01/21/2015 7:25:42 PM PST by Yardstick
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To: FredZarguna

Including some VERY BIG ideas that we don’t yet have.
.................
The 1890’s were about 10-20 years before Einstein’s work. It seems to me I’ve read articles that suggested that scientists of the day were seeing too many things that didn’t fit the then standard model. So they thought a paradigms shift was just over the horizon. And so it was.

Do you see a paradigm shift coming in the nest 10—20 years.


73 posted on 01/21/2015 8:40:08 PM PST by ckilmer (q)
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To: BigEdLB
...and since it's logically inconceivable that one of these inconceivable things isn't true - that is either the universe has been here forever or it started at some specific time in the past - then we seem to be here in a way that is somehow beyond the logical capacity of man to understand - therefore, as you said, There is someone at the controls... always was and always will be.....
74 posted on 01/21/2015 8:42:09 PM PST by Intolerant in NJ
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To: FredZarguna

An outstanding and delightful read. Well done and much appreciated. Thanks.


75 posted on 01/21/2015 9:03:19 PM PST by 1010RD (First, Do No Harm)
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To: ckilmer
I think it's difficult to foresee that, because in the 10-40 years before Einstein we had already had an enormous explosion in our understanding of physics when James Clerk Maxwell [and others] unified the electric and magnetic forces into one field.

In doing so, they created a problem, because you see, it was known that there was an enormous disconnect between the known properties of the electromagnetic force, and Newton's Laws of classical physics.

The problem, in a nutshell, is that Maxwell's equations were already Lorentz Invariant: they already obeyed the Special Theory of Relativity ... 41 years before Einstein!

And so it was known we needed to reconcile these two things because both appeared to work in the cases where you could keep them separate. That is very much analogous to what we have today, where you have this tremendously successful theory of Quantum Mechanics/Quantum Field Theory on one hand and General Relativity on the other. And, as was the case before, they can't both be correct [and it's pretty clear that it's General Relativity that has to be wrong.]

The difference now, unlike then, is that in the late 19th and early 20th century people were doing all kinds of cool things with electronics, electromagnets, motors, generators, radio waves, ... probing deeper and deeper. We can't to that now, because the energies we can reach in our accelerators are many orders of magnitude too small for us to really investigate things. We have the theories, but we don't have the experiments. [It took us a really long time to reach the energies we needed to find the Higgs, for example. The next levels we need to reach are so much higher.]

Now, there is some hope, and that hope is in space. Because the energies we need to reach that we can't reach in our labs existed once: in the 10-30 or so seconds right after the instant of creation.

So it may be possible that we can reason some of things these backwards from what we see in the sky. Not just reasoning from cosmology, but also in the so called "cosmic rays" which bombard the top of our atmosphere. These are really tremendously energetic γ rays [some are powerful enough to spawn particles in the range to test some theories that we can't test on earth.]

But it's going -- just in my opinion -- to take a lot of work, and I don't think that 10-20 years is enough.

76 posted on 01/21/2015 9:51:17 PM PST by FredZarguna (O, Reason not the need.)
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To: Hot Tabasco
I'll give you the answer most physicists would give you. But I'll wait a day since it will be more satisfying if you come up with it yourself, and you have enough information to do that.

The best way too think of this is the balloon analogy. The dots on the balloon are, say, galaxies or galactic clusters. As the balloon inflates, they are moving away from each other on the surface.

Now, this is a three dimensional model of our four dimensional world, so we have had cut out one of the dimensions. People living on the surface of the balloon can only move in two spatial dimensions instead of three. They are constrained only to have [as we have on the surface of the earth roughly] only two degrees of freedom: the polar and azimuthal angles θ and φ of spherical coordinates, or, what is more familiar to laymen, latitude and longitude. The third dimension on this balloon, the distance from the center of the balloon, is time.

This is a very old analogy. There is a story about Einstein that goes with it.

When Einstein escaped from the Nazis, he worked at the center for advanced studies in Princeton, New Jersey, and he used to go for walks to think his deep thoughts. In the course of those walks he had a favorite little ice cream shop he used to go into, and the store owner had heard about the analogy of the balloon, and he asked Einstein essentially the question that you're asking: "What's outside of the sphere of our universe?"

Reportedly, Einstein took a couple of licks of the ice cream, thought for a moment, and then said, in his heavy German accent, "Yah... Vell... chust don't chew go out dere."

Now, think about what is inside of the balloon, and it will tell you what is outside of the balloon. And it will also tell you what is on the outside of the four dimensional balloon of our universe.

I'll post the answer tomorrow. [But better: you post the answer to me first.]

77 posted on 01/21/2015 10:05:45 PM PST by FredZarguna (O, Reason not the need.)
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To: FredZarguna
[But better: you post the answer to me first.]

Well, about the only answer I can come up with is that the universe is expanding outward as a result of the "bang" and the space between the point where the bang occurred and where the matter now sits, is just empty space like the inside of the balloon.

As far as the expanding balloon we are on, there is nothing beyond it but dark, empty space.........

78 posted on 01/22/2015 5:04:58 AM PST by Hot Tabasco (I'm a man of no-color and proud of it.)
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To: 9thLife

My burns have just about healed. ;’)


79 posted on 01/22/2015 6:05:07 AM PST by SunkenCiv (Imagine an imaginary menagerie manager imagining managing an imaginary menagerie.)
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To: FredZarguna

[and it’s pretty clear that it’s General Relativity that has to be wrong.]
...............
Does this mean that its more or less likely that science fiction things like worm holes and warp drives are possible.


80 posted on 01/22/2015 7:23:38 AM PST by ckilmer (q)
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