Amendment XXIII was the twenty-third Amendment to the United States Constitution which permits the District of Columbia to choose Electors for President and Vice President. The amendment was proposed by Congress on June 17, 1960, and ratified by the states on March 29, 1961. The first Presidential election in which it was in effect was the presidential election of 1964.
FindLaw's commentary: "[This] . . . amendment would change the Constitution only to the minimum extent necessary to give the District appropriate participation in national elections. It would not make the District of Columbia a State. It would not give the District of Columbia any other attributes of a State or change the constitutional powers of the Congress to legislate with respect to the District of Columbia and to prescribe its form of government. . . . It would, however, perpetuate recognition of the unique status of the District as the seat of Federal Government under the exclusive legislative control of Congress."[H.R. Rep. No. 1698, 86th Cong., 2d Sess. 1, 2 (1960).]
WikiPedia commentary: Ratification was completed on March 29, 1961. The amendment was subsequently ratified by the following states:The amendment was rejected by the following state:
- New Hampshire (March 30, 1961, rescinded later that same day)
- Alabama (April 16, 2002)
The following states have not ratified the amendment:
- Arkansas (January 24, 1961)
- Florida
- Kentucky
- Mississippi
- Georgia
- South Carolina
- Louisiana
- Texas
- North Carolina
- Virginia
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If I read this right, it enfranchises the residents of the District of Columbia....hell no and Puerto Rico either....I’m glad my state didn’t ratify......
It gave Congress three electoral votes to play with, which is three too many.