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Upward Mobility and Discrimination: Asians and African Americans
Marginal Revolution ^ | November 28, 2016 | Alex Tabarrok

Posted on 11/28/2016 8:19:32 AM PST by reaganaut1

Asians in America faced heavy discrimination and animus in the early twentieth century. Yet, after institutional restrictions were lifted in the late 1940s, Asian incomes quickly converged to white incomes. Why? In the politically incorrect paper of the year (ungated) Nathaniel Hilger argues that convergence was due to market forces subverting discrimination.

...

Despite this intense discrimination, Asian (primarily Japanese and Chinese) incomes converged to white incomes as early as 1960 and certainly by 1980. One argument is that Asians invested so heavily in education that convergence has been overstated but Hilger shows that convergence occurred conditional on education. Similarly, convergence was not a matter of immigration or changing demographics. Instead, Hilger argues that once institutional discrimination was eased in the 1940s, market forces enforced convergence.

...

If that theory is true, however, then why haven’t black incomes converged? And here is where the paper gets into the politically incorrect:

Modern empirical work has indicated that cognitive test scores—interpreted as measures of productivity not captured by educational attainment—can account for a large share of black-white wage and earnings gaps (Neal and Johnson, 1996; Johnson and Neal, 1998; Fryer, 2010; Carruthers and Wanamaker, 2016). This literature documents large black-white test score gaps that emerge early in childhood (Fryer and Levitt, 2013), persist into adulthood, and appear to reflect genuine skills related to labor market productivity rather than racial bias in the testing instrument (Neal and Johnson, 1996).

(Excerpt) Read more at marginalrevolution.com ...


TOPICS: Business/Economy; History; Society
KEYWORDS: asians; bellcurve; blacks; fakenews; freekkkers; iq; kkk; racism; racists
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To: JeanLM
Is that racism?

No, that's being awake, observing your surroundings, and drawing conclusions from the patterns you see. Ignoring the same gets people killed, so in some ways discrimination is a deeply ingrained survival mechanism.

21 posted on 11/28/2016 9:10:17 AM PST by katana
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To: reaganaut1

Single two most important reasons:

1. IQs (blacks 85 versus Asians 105)
2. Culture (blacks fatherless dependents on state; Asians intact families, small businesses and higher education)


22 posted on 11/28/2016 9:16:54 AM PST by truth_seeker
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To: IronJack
Minnesota Transracial Adoption Study studied black children adopted in infancy by affluent white middle-class families. When the adopted children reached adulthood, IQ testing found no significant difference between their IQs, and the IQ of black children raised by their biological parents.

The adopted black children, raised in white suburban families, given good nutrition since infancy, going to suburban schools, etc, arrived at age 17 with a median IQ of 89.

For some reason, I can't find this sort of study having been repeated.

23 posted on 11/28/2016 9:19:47 AM PST by PapaBear3625 (Big government is attractive to those who think that THEY will be in control of it.)
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To: JeanLM

Wife’s nail lady (and her husband) attended the funeral of my wife’s mom (a non-customer). They approached and paid their respects. Family is huge to Asians.


24 posted on 11/28/2016 9:25:51 AM PST by moovova
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To: moovova
My wife’s acrylic nail person is Vietnamese and probably works 60-70 hours a week.

I know a very similar woman here. From the Vietnamese countryside, married an American guy (white) who was kind of a loser, couldn't hold a job, bit of a drinker, and he eventually disappeared after they had two kids, etc... meanwhile, she learned english very well, she started her own beauty salon and now also has interests in two restaurants, while raising the children herself. She still finds time to be involved in Church and her kids' school activities. We wonder if she sleeps at all.

25 posted on 11/28/2016 9:26:06 AM PST by PGR88
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To: 9YearLurker

Yes - there’s a very simple explanation for that.

1. The essence of a culture are its values
2. Values are rules learned through pattern recognition over long term experiences. That is, recognizing what patterns of behavior lead to long term success
3. Smart people are better at pattern recognition
4. Less smart people are not as good at long term pattern recognition, they focus more on behavior patterns that lead to short term happiness than those for the long haul. Thus they see less value in sacrificing for the future or seeing negative consequences of going for short term happiness.


26 posted on 11/28/2016 9:26:10 AM PST by aquila48
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To: IronJack
maybe Asians on the whole are just smarter than other races.
Maybe Asians in America are smarter than the average Asian in Asia - as well as smarter, on average, than other races in (or out of) America.

27 posted on 11/28/2016 9:46:37 AM PST by conservatism_IS_compassion ('Liberalism' is a conspiracy against the public by wire-service journalism.)
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To: reaganaut1

I was terribly disappointed when I read that 70% of Asians voted for Obama, twice.


28 posted on 11/28/2016 9:46:56 AM PST by blam (Jeff Sessions For President)
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To: aquila48

Yep.


29 posted on 11/28/2016 9:57:53 AM PST by 9YearLurker
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To: BitWielder1

Asians in the US have surpassed whites on education and income, in part due to the caliber of Asian immigrants we have imported. Indians also outperform Jews on those scales currently.


30 posted on 11/28/2016 9:59:58 AM PST by 9YearLurker
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To: aquila48

Asians also on average have lowe testosterone than whites, who have less than blacks. For men particularly high T is tied with aggressive behavior (duh) and low IQ.


31 posted on 11/28/2016 10:01:53 AM PST by 9YearLurker
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To: Mears

bfl


32 posted on 11/28/2016 10:06:52 AM PST by Mears
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To: 9YearLurker

And supposedly the lower testosterone of Asian accounts for the somewhat lower achievements of Asians in science wrt whites, even though Asians have slightly higher IQ.

The higher testosterone supposedly leads to more personal initiatives and risk taking.


33 posted on 11/28/2016 10:17:12 AM PST by aquila48
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To: aquila48

I am not so sure about that. Indians are eating whites’ lunch with Silicon Valley startups. Also, men in physics, for example, have measurably lower testosterone than other academic departments.


34 posted on 11/28/2016 10:26:46 AM PST by 9YearLurker
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To: conservatism_IS_compassion

No, my theory disregards environmental factors.


35 posted on 11/28/2016 10:39:38 AM PST by IronJack
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To: conservatism_IS_compassion; IronJack

>> Maybe Asians in America are smarter than the average Asian in Asia - as well as smarter, on average, than other races in (or out of) America <<

Not only smarter, but more motivated. These are people who, for the most part, have VOLUNTARILY left their homelands, to travel across an ocean in search of a better life for themselves and their children.

So as a group, they are a “self-selected” group who have higher IQ’s and higher motivations than do those of their compatriots who remained back in the old country.

Moreover, in addition to the genetic inheritance of IQ’s, the immigrant Asians’ culture of motivation is passed down to their children and grandchildren. The pattern is especially noticeable in the springtime, when photos of high school valedictorians in your local paper will almost always have a disproportionate number of Chinese, Korean, Vietnamese and/or East Indian kids.

In the meantime, those American blacks whose ancestors came over on slave ships tend overwhelmingly to lag behind both in IQ and in motivation, while blacks who move into professional and other high-paying jobs are disproportionately the descendants of ancestors who came to the USA voluntarily from the West Indies and Africa. So again, the black immigrants who pass the formulas for success to their children and grandchildren have largely been a group “self-selected” for relatively high IQ’s and high motivation.


36 posted on 11/28/2016 10:45:23 AM PST by Hawthorn
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To: 9YearLurker

By Asians I meant mongoloids. I don’t know about Indian testosterone. Regarding Indian IQ, the higher casts have fairly high IQ, and Brahmins are comparable to Ashkenazi Jews.

I imagine most of the Indians in the US are from the upper casts.


37 posted on 11/28/2016 10:48:19 AM PST by aquila48
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To: reaganaut1

This is politically incorrect to say, but, we have seen Chinatowns become tourist attractions in many cities.

Is there any city in which the black ghetto is a destination for visitors?? Maybe Harlem in New York for music and entertainment?? Is Harlem still drawing outside visitors like that??


38 posted on 11/28/2016 10:50:00 AM PST by Dilbert San Diego
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To: Hawthorn

Interesting analysis. It’s a sort of an inverse social Darwinism, where weakness becomes strength and those least deserving of cultural survival are the most likely to survive.


39 posted on 11/28/2016 11:14:19 AM PST by IronJack
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To: aquila48

I think they go quite a bit below Brahmin at this point, but they are, as with most Asians here, disproportionately educated and ambitious for their overall population.


40 posted on 11/28/2016 11:14:54 AM PST by 9YearLurker
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