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The FReeper Foxhole Remembers the U.S. Merchant Marine in Vietnam - Jan. 2nd, 2003
USMM ORG ^

Posted on 01/02/2003 5:38:45 AM PST by SAMWolf

U.S. Military History, Current Events and Veterans Issues

Where Duty, Honor and Country
are acknowledged, affirmed and commemorated.

Our Mission:

The FReeper Foxhole is dedicated to Veterans of our Nation's military forces and to others who are affected in their relationships with Veterans.

We hope to provide an ongoing source of information about issues and problems that are specific to Veterans and resources that are available to Veterans and their families.

In the FReeper Foxhole, Veterans or their family members should feel free to address their specific circumstances or whatever issues concern them in an atmosphere of peace, understanding, brotherhood and support.

Resource Links For Veterans


Click on the pix

Military Sea Transportation Service
(MSTS)


In February 1951 the Military Sea Transportation Service (MSTS) aircraft carrier Windham Bay, was the first large ship to navigate the Long Tam River since 1925. While the ship was docked at Saigon (French Indochina) 17 hand grenades were tossed at the ship by terrorists.

The Military Sea Transportation Service was established in 1949 to provide sea transportation to the military as a successor to the Army Transportation Service. MSTS operated a fleet of ships and had charter agreements with commercial shipping firms. MSTS was succeeded by Military Sealift Command.

In 1954, after the partitioning of Vietnam, MSTS evacuated Vietnamese refugees from North to South Vietnam. USNS Howze was one of many MSTS ships involved in "Passage to Freedom" bringing 300,000 refugees and 200,000 tons of Cargo from North Vietnam.

The Military Sea Transportation Service had the job of bringing war supplies to Vietnam -- 10,000 miles from the Pacific coast. MSTS had four separate customers to serve: the Army, Air Force, Navy and Marine Corps. MSTS ships were staffed by "civilian" crews, but carried 95% of the supplies used by our Armed Forces in Vietnam including bombs and ammunition into combat zones under fire. Crew members were given Navy grades and rank identification in event of enemy capture. During Vietnam, MSTS first utilized roll-on/roll-off ships and container ships which speeded loading and unloading.


SS Overseas Rose with landing barges lashed across her deck


MSTS took about 100 Victory ships out of the National Defense Reserve Fleet (mothball fleet), repaired them, and assigned them to private companies for operation to carry ammunition across the Pacific. MSTS carried guns, tanks, trucks, trains, riverboats, barges, helicopters, bombers, fighters, reconnaissance planes, food, fuel, and medical supplies. By 1965 MSTS had 300 freighters and tankers supplying Vietnam, with an average of 75 ships and over 3,000 merchant mariners in Vietnamese ports at any time.

Early in the Vietnam War, troop ships such as the USNS Upshur, Geiger, and Gordon carried two thirds of U.S. troops to Vietnam; later, most American troops traveled by air. However, Korean troops were transported by MSTS throughout the war, with the first 2,000 coming on the MSTS Mann in March 1965. In August 1966 USNS Patch and Darby carried troops 12,500 miles from Boston to Vietnam, the longest trooplift in U.S. military history. In October 1966 the converted Liberty ship SS Benjamin Chew and the SS Meredith Victory were added as troop carriers. Men and equipment of the Army 1st Cavalry Division went to Vietnam aboard the baby flattops USNS Kula Gulf and Point Cruz which were taken out of mothballs to transport the 434 aircraft and other equipment. Other escort carriers which saw WWII duty included the USNS Core, Card, Croatan, and Breton.

Da Nang harbor was the home of the Marine Amphibious Force Logistic Command which handled the gear necessary to support 81,000 Marines. MSTS brought 96% of their war materiel including tanks, airplanes, ammunition, and food -- including ice cream.


USNS Point Cruz loaded with CH-47 helicopters, F-5 fighters and truck trailers in 1968


Between 1965 and 1969, MSTS carried 7.6 million tons of supplies for the Air Force, about half going directly to Vietnam, the rest to staging areas in the Pacific. MSTS delivered the goods "Special Express" and kept some of its 19 ammunition ships anchored offshore near combat areas as floating warehouses to ease storage problems experienced by the Air Force. SEA Express was the name of the program which delivered other Air Force supplies from Oakland, California to Saigon between 1965 and 1967, in an average of 23 days.


Damaged SS Baton Rouge Victory under tow


In 1965, US Coast Guard Squadron One, composed of 17 patrol boats was sealifted to the Philippines for Vietnam duty on the SS Pioneer Myth, SS Transcaribbean, SS Aloha State, and the SS Ocean Cloud. MSTS delivered bulldozers, cranes, steel and cement for use by Navy Seabees. MSTS and the Merchant Marine transported oil and aviation gas to support Navy fleet operations.

In 1968 MSTS sealifted 19 million tons (39 billion pounds) of cargo to Vietnam for the Army at a cost of $570 million. The MSTS Corpus Christi Bay, which housed an Army aviation-maintenance battalion, was positioned as necessary along the coast of Vietnam to provide aircraft maintenance facilities.

MSTS and chartered ships delivered to many ports in Vietnam during this "War Without a Front." The following were among the 46 precautions to be taken by the crew of the SS President Garfield (and other ships) during the particularly hazardous 35 mile river transit to Saigon:

  • Bridge personnel in helmets and flak suits.
  • Sandbags around bridge. Wheelhouse doors and windows open.
  • Grenade screens secured on portholes.
  • Engineers to go to full engine speed at first indication of attack without notifying bridge.
  • Only necessary persons on duty in Engine Room or on open deck. Off duty crew spread out in alleyways.
  • Purser standing by with medical kit.
  • Fire fighting equipment ready.
  • Bilge and ballast pumps warmed up, ready to use.
  • Towing wires ready for tow without assist from ship crew. Both anchors ready for dropping.



Security for arrival of the USNS Core in Saigon, whose sister ship, USNS Card, was sunk in 1964 by a mine placed by skin divers


Just as in World War II and Korea, merchant mariners in Vietnam were subject to the Uniform Code of Military Justice. Effective December 1966, the military was granted authority to take disciplinary action against merchant mariners.

In 1975 MSTS helped evacuate refugees from Da Nang and later, Saigon. On March 28, 1975 the Pioneer Commander, the Pioneer Contender and the Navy's U.S.S. Miller evacuated about 10,000 refugees each. Returning the next day when the Communists had already overrun Da Nang, the ships evacuated thousands more.

On May 12, 1975, the SS Mayaguez was seized by Kmer Rouge. US marines suffered heavy casualties during the attempted rescue of the 39 seamen and the ship. Six mariner volunteers from the USNS Greenville Victory received Merchant Marine Distinguished Service Medal for their role during the action.
Capture and Release of SS Mayaguez by Khmer Rouge forces in May 1975.


Harbor at Cam Ranh Bay

A Special Thanks to Dan and Toni Horodysky,
Who so graciously allowed me permission to use the information on their Site.



TOPICS: VetsCoR
KEYWORDS: freeperfoxhole; merchantmarine; msts; usms; veterans; vietnam
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To: HiJinx
"And finally, that it is a tragic shame that we find ourselves at odds with a large portion of that world..."

Yes, it's a shame that 'a large portion of that world' finds itself at odds with us. So much so, that they are trying their best to whittle down the point spread.

21 posted on 01/02/2003 7:06:50 AM PST by Eastbound
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To: Eastbound
I'm thinking their bench isn't deep enough to last. You don't invite the world's biggest wearer of cowboy boots to an a$$-kicking contest and expect to survive...
22 posted on 01/02/2003 7:14:22 AM PST by HiJinx
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To: SAMWolf
BTTT!!!!!!
23 posted on 01/02/2003 7:22:50 AM PST by E.G.C.
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To: HiJinx
That's wisdom. LOL!
24 posted on 01/02/2003 7:25:06 AM PST by Eastbound
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To: AntiJen; SAMWolf
Thanks again for the ping.

My uncle was a merchant marine during Viet Nam.

He thought he'd be a wise guy and go to Piney Point rather than be drafted. Upon graduating, he went to the hall and signed up for a ship designated "destination unknown" because it payed more. It wasn't until they set sail that he found out he was running jet fuel to Viet Nam. He left a punk kid and came back a changed man.

The story is still good for chuckles at family gatherings.
25 posted on 01/02/2003 7:31:25 AM PST by conservativemusician
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To: conservativemusician
Thanks for sharing that about your Uncle.

I used to know a guy who joined the Coast Guard for the same reason, ended up in Vietnam anyway.
26 posted on 01/02/2003 7:50:31 AM PST by SAMWolf
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To: SAMWolf
I was just poking around on the United States Merchant Marine Academy site yesterday. I hadn't known much about them.

Two veteran related stories in the newspaper this morning:

State issued 442 honorary high school diplomas to vets in 2002
RICHMOND, Va. (AP) _ The Virginia Board of Education issued 442 honorary high school diplomas last year to veterans who were unable to finish their education because of their military service.

and

Bedford financial accord at hand? D-Day Memorial lawyer optimistic
Officials at the National D-Day Memorial Foundation in Bedford hope for good tidings in the new year, and an answer to the organization's ongoing financial woes.

Happy New Year to all our Vets and their loved ones!

27 posted on 01/02/2003 8:44:52 AM PST by Ligeia
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To: SAMWolf

Today's classic warship. USS Idaho (BB-24)

Mississippi class battleship
Displacement. 13,000 t.
Length. 382'
Beam. 77'
Draft. 24'8"
Speed. 17 k.
Complement. 744
Armament. 4 12", 8 8", 8 7", 12 3", 2 21" tt.

The USS Idaho (BB-24) was launched by William Cramp & Son's, Philadelphia, 9 December 1905; sponsored by Miss Louise Gooding, daughter of the Governor of Idaho; and commissioned at Philadelphia Navy Yard 1 April 1908, Captain S. W. B. Diehl in command.

The new battleship conducted a shakedown cruise to Cuba April-May 1908, and after a visit to Panama returned to Philadelphia for alterations. The ship took part in the giant naval review in Hampton Roads 22 February 1909 celebrating the return of the Great White Fleet from its around the world cruise. In March she returned to the Caribbean for maneuvers, continuing to take part in training operations until October 1910. Idaho sailed 29 October for exercises in British and French waters, and upon her return participated in gunnery exercises in Chesapeake Bay 19 to 28 March 1911.

Idaho sailed from Philadelphia 4 May 1911 for a cruise up the Mississippi River to Louisiana ports. She then steamed to the east coast of Florida for battleship maneuvers, and continued to operate off the coast and in the Caribbean until entering the reserve at Philadelphia 27 October 1913.

There she remained until 9 May 1914, when the ship sailed to the Mediterranean with midshipmen for at sea training. After visiting various ports in North Africa and Italy and carrying out a rigorous training program, Idaho arrived Villefranche 17 July 1914, transferred her crew to the USS Maine, and decommissioned 30 July. She was turned over to the government of Greece, whom she served as coastal defense ship Lemnos until being sunk in Salamis harbor by German aircraft in April 1941.


SAMWolf, I think you would like this version of the USS Idaho even better.

28 posted on 01/02/2003 8:52:35 AM PST by aomagrat
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To: aomagrat

Finally an Idaho I'm familiar with!

29 posted on 01/02/2003 8:56:01 AM PST by SAMWolf
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To: Ligeia
Thanks for the links, Ligeia.

Check out the site that I got this article from, it has a lot of good info on the Merchant marine.
30 posted on 01/02/2003 8:57:45 AM PST by SAMWolf
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To: All
Current Military News
Medical Civilian Assistance Program (MEDCAP)


Lt. Col. Katharine Opitz, of Fort Lewis, Wash., examines an elderly woman during an operation of Medical Civilian Assistance Program (MEDCAP) Thursday Jan. 2, 2003 at Mero Gul Village, near Kandahar, Afghanistan. The U.S. Army based in Kandahar Air Fields regularly carries out this program in nearby villages. (AP


Girls watch U.S. soldiers with a Humvee in background, during an operation of Medical Civilian Assistance Program (MEDCAP) Thursday Jan. 2, 2003 at Mero Gul Village, near Kandahar, Afghanistan


Capt. Isaac Kim, Houston, Texas, left, examines a baby with skin infection during an operation of Medical Civilian Assistance Program (MEDCAP) Thursday Jan. 2, 2003 at Mero Gul Village, near Kandahar, Afghanistan.


A soldier picks up packs of Humanitarian Daily Ration to give away to villagers during an operation of Medical Civilian Assistance Program (MEDCAP) Thursday Jan. 2, 2003 at Mero Gul Village, near Kandahar, Afghanistan


31 posted on 01/02/2003 9:48:21 AM PST by SAMWolf
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To: SAMWolf
Ugh! Backside immunizations!
32 posted on 01/02/2003 10:20:53 AM PST by Darksheare
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To: SAMWolf
"SS Seatrain New Jersey. Notorius for being shot up more than any other U.S. merchant ship. Had many symbols of rockets and mortar bombs painted on her bridge wing, each denoting an attack "

Sounds like my former captain. He had more 'Killed by' his own men than any other captain in my old unit. We loved making that guy's miles gear go off.


Only this ship had it happen for real. *wince* Wonder if the crew thought they were cursed?
33 posted on 01/02/2003 10:26:51 AM PST by Darksheare
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Comment #34 Removed by Moderator

Comment #35 Removed by Moderator

To: coteblanche
Thank you, Cote.

Excellent poem honoring our Merchant Marine. I should have known you'd find something like this.
36 posted on 01/02/2003 11:13:58 AM PST by SAMWolf
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To: coteblanche
OH NO! I just noticed that.
37 posted on 01/02/2003 11:15:04 AM PST by SAMWolf
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To: AntiJen
Thanks for the ping AntiJen....Here's a bttt
38 posted on 01/02/2003 11:23:34 AM PST by firewalk
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Comment #39 Removed by Moderator

To: SAMWolf
WWII ace Joe Foss dies at 87

R.I.P. Joe
Thanks for serving your country. You are a true American hero.

40 posted on 01/02/2003 11:49:48 AM PST by occam's chainsaw
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