Pfffft. There is no “standard”.
Apple tried to develop Intel as a second source for modem chips. Indeed, many models of iPhone use inferior Intel modems.
Going forward, Intel simply lacked the technological capability to create a modem for 5G leaving Qualcomm the only player in the game. That’s why Apple recently had to settle with Qualcomm or not get to 5G.
Let’s punish Qualcomm innovation. That’ll work out well.
Intel was licensing the patents from Qualcomm. . . but they could not get their chips to perform as well. That does not mean there is no standard. There is a Standard Essential Patent set that must be used/ by every manufacturer of cellular device simply to even connect to the network. If you think there isn’t, then you don’t know what you are talking about.
Intel CDMA and LTE modem chips worked fine. . . but their attempts to develop an alternative 5G system foundered. The two different modems in the iPhones performed the same, no matter which one you had in your iPhone because the better performance in the Qualcomm modem was disabled. Speed wise, you would not notice any difference between a high-end Android phone with the Qualcomm higher speed modem enabled and an iPhone without it, because the iPhone has a far faster CPU than any Android phone. Real time downloads results were still faster for most purposes on the iPhone due to the faster CPU processing.