From the Colorado elections site:
“The political parties in Colorado hold neighborhood-level gatherings, known as precinct meetings, to start the party’s candidate nomination process. The meetings typically take place at local schools, churches and community centers. Democrats will host 3,010 precinct meetings, while Republican will gather at 2,995 precinct locations.”
The website where you can punch in your address and locate your local precinct didn’t work for me - one of them said “The Caucus has already been held”, but easy enough to find one.
At 104,185 sq. miles for Colorado in size, that is one precinct for every 34 square miles. Or ~6 miles travel distance. The local precincts is where they elect the folks to go to county, and then to state. So whether or not you could make it the 311 miles to state, you could vote for your representative to state.
So no, that is not the kind of fantastic system Madison was warning us about.