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Transcript
0:07 · the Greek historian and philosopher
0:10 · Plutarch has left behind several texts
0:12 · which form part of the basis for our
0:14 · understanding of both the rise of the
0:16 · Roman State and the fall of the Roman
0:18 · Republic
0:19 · his writing often took the form of
0:21 · biography and arguably his most famous
0:23 · work is the parallel lives which pairs a
0:26 · Greek and a Roman in order to shed light
0:28 · on perceived moral failings or to bestow
0:31 · Praise on both men for qualities that
0:33 · the two were thought to share in the
0:35 · life of the colors which recounts the
0:37 · actions of Lucius lascinius the Cullis a
0:40 · Roman general and Statesman who served
0:42 · in the third methodic war plutarik
0:44 · records something strange happening
0:46 · during one of the battles which a paper
0:48 · published in the classical Journal
0:49 · includes in a list of ancient accounts
0:51 · of UFOs the title of said papers thus
0:54 · unidentified flying objects in classical
0:56 · Antiquity and it is what inspired both
0:59 · this video and the title of Sid video
1:02 · I am not joking nor am I intending this
1:04 · to be clickbait that is the actual title
1:07 · of an academic paper published in an
1:09 · academic Journal
1:10 · so what is this mysterious account
1:14 · well plut gives a brief sketch of the
1:16 · third methodic War during which the
1:18 · colors engages the forces of Mithra
1:20 · deities of the sixth king of pontus and
1:22 · bithynia and during the fighting one of
1:25 · the other Roman generals Marcus Aurelius
1:27 · Kata who is also the other console at
1:29 · the time the second being the Cullis
1:31 · took the opportunity to attack
1:33 · the plan seems to have been something
1:35 · along the lines of the colors engaging
1:37 · with land forces while caught up by
1:39 · Beverly would attack with Naval forces
1:41 · but he lost 60 ships and apparently
1:43 · three or four thousand soldiers and then
1:46 · took refuge in the city of chelseedon
1:48 · localis approached the enemy Army but
1:50 · seeing the size apparently held back
1:53 · at the same time Rome was engaged in a
1:56 · bloody war with Sartorius in Spain and
1:59 · Sartorius had sent Marcus Morris to
2:01 · mythrough deities as a military advisor
2:03 · Mario's challenged Lucas and the two
2:05 · armies then Drew up ranks Plutarch then
2:08 · recorded the following
2:11 · but presently as they were on the point
2:13 · of joining battle with no apparent
2:15 · change of weather but all of a sudden
2:16 · the sky burst asunder and a huge
2:19 · flame-like body was seen to fall between
2:21 · the two armies in shape it was most like
2:24 · a wine jar and in color like molten
2:26 · silver
2:27 · both sides were astonished at the site
2:29 · and separated this Marvel as they say
2:32 · occurred in phrygia at a place called
2:35 · otrie this translation of the original
2:37 · Greek comes from the Loeb classical
2:39 · Library a collection of all the
2:41 · classical texts of Greece and Rome with
2:42 · the original language on the left-hand
2:44 · page and a more or less literal
2:46 · translation of the text in English on
2:48 · the right hand page that being said
2:51 · what is the event being described
2:54 · well unfortunately it probably is not a
2:57 · UFO but the truth is possibly more
2:59 · exciting the religion of ancient Rome
3:01 · was fairly well engaged with what we
3:03 · would understand to be Omens and
3:05 · divination
3:06 · they were the type of priest known as
3:08 · the horror specs meaning diviner who was
3:10 · responsible for examining the entrails
3:12 · of sacrificed animals in order to judge
3:15 · whether it was conducive to success or
3:17 · not to undertake certain actions like
3:19 · giving battle
3:21 · examining intrails however was not the
3:23 · only form of divination practiced by the
3:25 · Romans August were another form of
3:27 · diviner and these religious
3:29 · professionals were trained to interpret
3:30 · such things as thunder lightning the
3:32 · flights of birds Etc in order to
3:35 · determine the will of the gods or of the
3:37 · gods were displeased
3:38 · what plutocal accordion his parallel
3:41 · lives is probably a form of other
3:43 · worldly sign called a prodigy so in
3:46 · discussing this it is extremely
3:48 · important to make the distinction
3:49 · between Omens and prodigies in Roman
3:52 · religion and Roman Magic
3:54 · these are both understood to be signs
3:56 · implying the course of future events or
3:58 · hinting that something good or bad May
4:00 · potentially happen and they both usually
4:03 · occurred in public although Omens did
4:05 · not necessarily have to
4:07 · but unlike prodigies Omens are often
4:10 · considered more important to the private
4:12 · individual than to the community as a
4:14 · whole
4:15 · a prodigy is a similar phenomenon but it
4:17 · is on a different level altogether when
4:19 · it comes to Roman religion magic or
4:21 · popular Superstition because it was
4:23 · believed to be a public event
4:26 · what's being described in the text is an
4:28 · amphora a large jug usually designed to
4:31 · hold wine among other substances and
4:33 · plutarch's description of the amphora as
4:35 · being like molten silver is definitely
4:37 · strange but given that prodigies Were
4:40 · Meant to invoke images of things Beyond
4:42 · this world
4:43 · it is on the other hand perhaps not so
4:45 · strange after all this sort of thing
4:47 · because it was a public event and not a
4:49 · private one like an omen means that they
4:52 · had to be addressed publicly
4:54 · it's not entirely clear what if anything
4:56 · was done to address this particular
4:58 · Prodigy but it's not unusual to read in
5:00 · Roman sources about people experiencing
5:02 · Panic during events like an eclipse when
5:05 · siding with what was written in
5:06 · prophetic texts like The Sibling books
5:08 · kept in the temple of Jupiter in Rome
5:10 · prodigies were taken as signs of divine
5:13 · anger and usually required some sort of
5:15 · monstrous level of atonement like human
5:17 · sacrifice
5:19 · unfortunately for this particular
5:21 · Prodigy recorded in Plutarch
5:23 · this is really all that can be said for
5:25 · certain about it that is that it was a
5:28 · prodigy his description fits the theme
5:30 · of Romans believing that fantastic or
5:32 · bizarre events happened just prior to
5:34 · more natural although no less drastic
5:36 · events such as a bloody battle that took
5:39 · place that day between the forces of the
5:41 · colas and mythritates if nothing else
5:43 · this was a sign of the horror and
5:46 · bloodshed to come

Transcript
0:07	·	the Greek historian and philosopher
0:10	·	Plutarch has left behind several texts
0:12	·	which form part of the basis for our
0:14	·	understanding of both the rise of the
0:16	·	Roman State and the fall of the Roman
0:18	·	Republic
0:19	·	his writing often took the form of
0:21	·	biography and arguably his most famous
0:23	·	work is the parallel lives which pairs a
0:26	·	Greek and a Roman in order to shed light
0:28	·	on perceived moral failings or to bestow
0:31	·	Praise on both men for qualities that
0:33	·	the two were thought to share in the
0:35	·	life of the colors which recounts the
0:37	·	actions of Lucius lascinius the Cullis a
0:40	·	Roman general and Statesman who served
0:42	·	in the third methodic war plutarik
0:44	·	records something strange happening
0:46	·	during one of the battles which a paper
0:48	·	published in the classical Journal
0:49	·	includes in a list of ancient accounts
0:51	·	of UFOs the title of said papers thus
0:54	·	unidentified flying objects in classical
0:56	·	Antiquity and it is what inspired both
0:59	·	this video and the title of Sid video
1:02	·	I am not joking nor am I intending this
1:04	·	to be clickbait that is the actual title
1:07	·	of an academic paper published in an
1:09	·	academic Journal
1:10	·	so what is this mysterious account
1:14	·	well plut gives a brief sketch of the
1:16	·	third methodic War during which the
1:18	·	colors engages the forces of Mithra
1:20	·	deities of the sixth king of pontus and
1:22	·	bithynia and during the fighting one of
1:25	·	the other Roman generals Marcus Aurelius
1:27	·	Kata who is also the other console at
1:29	·	the time the second being the Cullis
1:31	·	took the opportunity to attack
1:33	·	the plan seems to have been something
1:35	·	along the lines of the colors engaging
1:37	·	with land forces while caught up by
1:39	·	Beverly would attack with Naval forces
1:41	·	but he lost 60 ships and apparently
1:43	·	three or four thousand soldiers and then
1:46	·	took refuge in the city of chelseedon
1:48	·	localis approached the enemy Army but
1:50	·	seeing the size apparently held back
1:53	·	at the same time Rome was engaged in a
1:56	·	bloody war with Sartorius in Spain and
1:59	·	Sartorius had sent Marcus Morris to
2:01	·	mythrough deities as a military advisor
2:03	·	Mario's challenged Lucas and the two
2:05	·	armies then Drew up ranks Plutarch then
2:08	·	recorded the following
2:11	·	but presently as they were on the point
2:13	·	of joining battle with no apparent
2:15	·	change of weather but all of a sudden
2:16	·	the sky burst asunder and a huge
2:19	·	flame-like body was seen to fall between
2:21	·	the two armies in shape it was most like
2:24	·	a wine jar and in color like molten
2:26	·	silver
2:27	·	both sides were astonished at the site
2:29	·	and separated this Marvel as they say
2:32	·	occurred in phrygia at a place called
2:35	·	otrie this translation of the original
2:37	·	Greek comes from the Loeb classical
2:39	·	Library a collection of all the
2:41	·	classical texts of Greece and Rome with
2:42	·	the original language on the left-hand
2:44	·	page and a more or less literal
2:46	·	translation of the text in English on
2:48	·	the right hand page that being said
2:51	·	what is the event being described
2:54	·	well unfortunately it probably is not a
2:57	·	UFO but the truth is possibly more
2:59	·	exciting the religion of ancient Rome
3:01	·	was fairly well engaged with what we
3:03	·	would understand to be Omens and
3:05	·	divination
3:06	·	they were the type of priest known as
3:08	·	the horror specs meaning diviner who was
3:10	·	responsible for examining the entrails
3:12	·	of sacrificed animals in order to judge
3:15	·	whether it was conducive to success or
3:17	·	not to undertake certain actions like
3:19	·	giving battle
3:21	·	examining intrails however was not the
3:23	·	only form of divination practiced by the
3:25	·	Romans August were another form of
3:27	·	diviner and these religious
3:29	·	professionals were trained to interpret
3:30	·	such things as thunder lightning the
3:32	·	flights of birds Etc in order to
3:35	·	determine the will of the gods or of the
3:37	·	gods were displeased
3:38	·	what plutocal accordion his parallel
3:41	·	lives is probably a form of other
3:43	·	worldly sign called a prodigy so in
3:46	·	discussing this it is extremely
3:48	·	important to make the distinction
3:49	·	between Omens and prodigies in Roman
3:52	·	religion and Roman Magic
3:54	·	these are both understood to be signs
3:56	·	implying the course of future events or
3:58	·	hinting that something good or bad May
4:00	·	potentially happen and they both usually
4:03	·	occurred in public although Omens did
4:05	·	not necessarily have to
4:07	·	but unlike prodigies Omens are often
4:10	·	considered more important to the private
4:12	·	individual than to the community as a
4:14	·	whole
4:15	·	a prodigy is a similar phenomenon but it
4:17	·	is on a different level altogether when
4:19	·	it comes to Roman religion magic or
4:21	·	popular Superstition because it was
4:23	·	believed to be a public event
4:26	·	what's being described in the text is an
4:28	·	amphora a large jug usually designed to
4:31	·	hold wine among other substances and
4:33	·	plutarch's description of the amphora as
4:35	·	being like molten silver is definitely
4:37	·	strange but given that prodigies Were
4:40	·	Meant to invoke images of things Beyond
4:42	·	this world
4:43	·	it is on the other hand perhaps not so
4:45	·	strange after all this sort of thing
4:47	·	because it was a public event and not a
4:49	·	private one like an omen means that they
4:52	·	had to be addressed publicly
4:54	·	it's not entirely clear what if anything
4:56	·	was done to address this particular
4:58	·	Prodigy but it's not unusual to read in
5:00	·	Roman sources about people experiencing
5:02	·	Panic during events like an eclipse when
5:05	·	siding with what was written in
5:06	·	prophetic texts like The Sibling books
5:08	·	kept in the temple of Jupiter in Rome
5:10	·	prodigies were taken as signs of divine
5:13	·	anger and usually required some sort of
5:15	·	monstrous level of atonement like human
5:17	·	sacrifice
5:19	·	unfortunately for this particular
5:21	·	Prodigy recorded in Plutarch
5:23	·	this is really all that can be said for
5:25	·	certain about it that is that it was a
5:28	·	prodigy his description fits the theme
5:30	·	of Romans believing that fantastic or
5:32	·	bizarre events happened just prior to
5:34	·	more natural although no less drastic
5:36	·	events such as a bloody battle that took
5:39	·	place that day between the forces of the
5:41	·	colas and mythritates if nothing else
5:43	·	this was a sign of the horror and
5:46	·	bloodshed to come