Posted on 02/12/2019 7:40:13 AM PST by ETL
Our Milky Way galaxy will survive in its current form a bit longer than some astronomers had thought, a new study suggests.
The monster collision between our Milky Way and fellow spiral galaxy Andromeda will occur about 4.5 billion years from now, according to the new research, which is based on observations made by Europe's Gaia spacecraft. Some prominent previous estimates had predicted the crash would happen significantly sooner, in about 3.9 billion years.
"This finding is crucial to our understanding of how galaxies evolve and interact," Gaia project scientist Timo Prusti, who was not involved in the study, said in a statement. [Images: Milky Way Galaxy's Crash with Andromeda]
Gaia launched in December of 2013 to help researchers create the best 3D map of the Milky Way ever constructed. The spacecraft has been precisely monitoring the positions and movements of huge numbers of stars and other cosmic objects; the mission team aims to track more than 1 billion stars by the time Gaia shuts its sharp eyes for good.
Most of the stars Gaia is eyeing are in the Milky Way, but some are in nearby galaxies. In the new study, the researchers tracked a number of stars in our galaxy, in Andromeda (also known as M31) and in the spiral Triangulum (or M33). These neighbor galaxies are within 2.5 million to 3 million light-years of the Milky Way and may be interacting with each other, study team members said.
"We needed to explore the galaxies' motions in 3D to uncover how they have grown and evolved and what creates and influences their features and behavior," lead author Roeland van der Marel, of the Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore, said in the same statement.
"We were able to do this using the second package of high-quality data released by Gaia," van der Marel added, referring to a haul released in April 2018.
This work allowed the team to determine the rotation rates of both M31 and M33 — something that had never been done before, the researchers said. Using the Gaia-derived findings and analyses of archival information, the study team mapped out how M31 and M33 have moved through space in the past and where they'll likely go over the next few billion years.
The team's models give a later-than-expected date for the Andromeda-Milky Way smashup and also suggest that it will be more of a sideswipe than a head-on collision. (Because the distances between stars are so great, the odds that our own solar system will be disrupted by the merger are very low. But the crash will definitely liven up the night sky for any creatures that are around on Earth 4.5 billion years from now.)
"Gaia was designed primarily for mapping stars within the Milky Way — but this new study shows that the satellite is exceeding expectations and can provide unique insights into the structure and dynamics of galaxies beyond the realm of our own," Prusti said. "The longer [that] Gaia watches the tiny movements of these galaxies across the sky, the more precise our measurements will become."
The new study was published this month in The Astrophysical Journal.
By the way, Andromeda won't be the next galaxy our Milky Way slams into: The Large Magellanic Cloud and Milky Way will merge about 2.5 billion years from now, a recent study suggested.
Now THAT’S a movie!!!
Video: Milky Way Versus Andromeda As Seen from Earth (3min, 52sec)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qnYCpQyRp-4
Our sun will never go Nova, it doesn’t have enough mass.
Don’t worry, fellow Earthlings!
I have been working on a secret project to protect us from pieces of space crashing into us!
It kind of looks like an umbrella for your picnic table, only it’s made of a new, super strong material called cloth.
Maybe it’s not Catholic..............
That’s aweful.You mean I’m going to have too wait 4 billion years to see that collision?Just kidding.I don’t think man will be on this planet in 2000 years.
LOL at “maybe it’ll gain weight...”
That’s a relief!
Such an event would truly be something to see... for how ever long you be able to see it!!
It won’t matter in twelve years.
“galaxies collide: women and minorities hardest hit!”
They must! They must!
It is children just like yours and mine, probably more likely yours, who will pool their knowledge and invent a way to save us!
My Son will be out there looking for the big joystick to shoot at the attacking galaxy so he can get more points and be King of the galaxy shooters or something.
Will I have time to finish my bucket list?
Man I am glad we have the extra time. I was really beginning to break out in the night sweats on a regular basis.
(Does AOC's Green Manifesto permit such a collision?)
Will they collide or just go into orbit around a common center of mass?
How will this affect AOC’s Green New Deal? I’m assuming space launches will be forbidden as they are pretty carbon emission heavy.
bfl when I can access youtube.
Disclaimer: Opinions posted on Free Republic are those of the individual posters and do not necessarily represent the opinion of Free Republic or its management. All materials posted herein are protected by copyright law and the exemption for fair use of copyrighted works.