Inside tiny tubes, water turns solid when it should be boiling

mit.edu ^ | 11/28/2016 | David L. Chandler

[pieceofthepuzzle]

“That makes sense. It’s one water molecule, and it can’t move anywhere, even if it wanted to, so its state is always frozen.”

Your premise seems correct, but water molecules are 2.7 Angstroms in size (1 nm = 10 Angstroms). I agree though, that they are very confined in this tiny space.

[Daffynition]

PFFT! Another thread about snowflakes.

[GingisK]

In layman’s terms, the filter gets clogged.

[bk1000]

“it should be possible to make “ice wires” that would be among the best carriers known for protons, because water conducts protons at least 10 times more readily than typical conductive materials.”

I was taught that water was actually a poor conductor, but rather the impurities in the water led to its conductivity. I have later discovered that teacher wasn’t the genius I thought he was, and here is another example to further that discovery.

[HLPhat]

>>You get enough of these tubs with frozen water in them, and you can cool your drink and it will never melt.

"at high temperatures that would normally set it boiling."

What does this mean?

[ckilmer]

The interesting question here is how to get water to change vapor at a lower temperature. Could the nanotubes be configured to do that? or something else?

[HeadOn]

I’m just an Engineer, not a scientist, but that is exactly what I was thinking. Aren’t phases DEFINED by the amount of movement (energy) the molecules have? If you shove 8 molecules in a space where only 9 would fit, don’t you kind of define it? It seems from the article, that the vibration of the molecules is exactly what they are measuring... According to what I found, they are talking about a tube with the diameter of only about 3 water molecules.

(No flames, please, I’m just a mechanical-thinking guy. I don’t pretend to be an expert on such things...)

[HLPhat]

>>they can’t move around, so they freeze.

No.

But in the context of a belief that Quantum Mechanics [of things like phase transition] are “unfeasible” - such an assertion is not surprising.

It’s good that you’re at least trying to form an opinion.

Look closer:

http://duckduckgo.com/?q=Thermal+Phase+transition+eigenstate+Solid+Gas+Fluid+Plasma

BTW - One simple definition of Quantum Mechanics is “the science of quantifying the energy state of a system”. The system in question can be as small as (or even smaller than) a single particle... or as big as the universe.

Maybe what you were trying to say is that certain theoretical applications of Quantum Mechanics, associated with the word “Quantum” in popular media, are not demonstrably feasible... yet.

[JimRed]

And this is useful because...?

[Ozark Tom]

It’s the distorted hydrogen bonds!

[minnesota_bound]

#6 Not if you are in a sub and blow air to rise to the surface. The vent will freeze over and you will sink below crush depth like the USS Thresher (SSN-593)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Thresher_(SSN-593)

[minnesota_bound]

If you compress enough hydrogen you get a star.
This is where the ice will definitely melt.....

[FreedomStar3028]

Get back to me when you can manipulate singular atoms of a system.

[FreedomStar3028]

They cannot move, they cannot vibrate. As the space gets smaller and smaller the temperatures at which they freeze gets higher and higher.

Nope, there is no correlation between movement and freezing temperature at all.

[HLPhat]

>>Get back to me when you can manipulate singular atoms of a system.

Idiot.

Quantum Mechanics is the science of determining the energy state of a system.

As demonstrated by HDD and other applications - it’s “feasible”.

[HLPhat]

>>Nope, there is no correlation between movement and freezing temperature at all.

Says the super genius who asserts that QM isn’t feasible.

[HLPhat]

>>Get back to me when you can manipulate singular atoms of a system.

Please tell the class how to calculate the phase angle of a covalent bond without utilizing a QM Wave Function.

http://www.colorado.edu/physics/phys2170/phys2170_fa08/Lecture_Notes/class43_MoleculesToSolids.pdf

[FreedomStar3028]

I am a super genius. Thank you kindly for pointing that out.

[FreedomStar3028]

I don’t really feel like doing your homework for you.

[HLPhat]

>>I am a super genius. Thank you kindly for pointing that out. 

Wile E FreedomStar3028, Suuuuuper Genius -- says:

"They don’t even know if quantum mechanics is feasible, or can be utilized."

4 posted on 11/26/2016, 7:23:34 PM by FreedomStar3028

http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/chat/3498741/posts?page=4#4

Meanwhile, in Reality Land:

Journal of Molecular Graphics and Modelling

Volume 38, September 2012, Pages 40–49

Phase transition study of confined water molecules inside carbon nanotubes: Hierarchical multiscale method from molecular dynamics simulation to ab initio calculation

"Nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analyses were used to demonstrate the fundamental influence of intermolecular hydrogen bonding interactions on the formation and electronic structure of ice nanotubes. In addition, the NQR analysis revealed that the rearrangement of nano-confined water molecules during the phase transition could be detected directly by the orientation of ¹⁷O atom EFG tensor components related to the molecular frame axes."

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1093326312000708

 

13.6 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

Nuclear magnetic resonance, or NMR, is a valuable tool for examining nuclei, for probing the structure of molecules, in particular organic ones, and for medical diagnosis, as MRI. This section will give a basic quantum description of the idea. Linear algebra will be used.

[snip]

"...the basic quantum mechanics behind NMR....."

https://www.eng.fsu.edu/~dommelen/quantum/style_a/nmr.html

 

How bout you explain to the class why the QM principles applied in NMR aren't "feasible", Wiley?

We'll wait.