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“Momma, don’t clean no fish, cause Daddy’s gonna bring home the crabs.”
Genetic analysis of human head
and clothing lice indicates an
early origin of clothing use in
archaic hominins.
ANDREW KITCHEN1, MELISSA
A. TOUPS2, JESSICA E. LIGHT3
and DAVID L. REED4. 1Center for
Infectious Disease Dynamics,
Department of Biology, The
Pennsylvania State University
2Department of Biology, Indiana
University 3Department of Wildlife
and Fisheries Science, Texas A&M
University, 4Florida Museum of
Natural History, University of
Florida.
Clothing use is an important modern
behavior that may have played a
role in the expansion of humans into
northern latitudes and cold climates.
Scientists have estimated that
clothing use originated somewhere
between 1.2 MYA and 40 KYA, but
there is little direct archaeological,
fossil, or genetic evidence available
to support these estimates.
Therefore, novel markers, such as
host-specific parasites, are
necessary to complement existing
evidence and provide new insights
into the evolution of clothing use.
Human head and clothing lice,
which are obligate, host specific
human parasites and occupy distinct
ecological niches (i.e. head hair and
clothing), are uniquely qualified to
elucidate this aspect of human
evolution as clothing lice are not
likely to have evolved prior to the
advent of clothing. Here we report
how the genetic analysis of human
lice provides new direct estimates
for the origin of clothing use that
are far earlier than previously
believed. Using a coalescent
modeling approach to investigate a
multilocus louse dataset, we find
that head and clothing lice initially
diverged, and clothing use likely
originated, between 0.22 MYA and
1 MYA. This suggests that the use
of rudimentary clothing originated
not with anatomically modern
humans or even late-surviving
species such as H. neanderthalensis
in the Late Pleistocene, but much
earlier. This genetic analysis of lice
reinforces a broad trend of archaic
hominin developments, including
the evolution of clothing use, during
the Early to Middle Pleistocene.
http://physanth.org/annual-meeting/2010/79th-annual-meeting-2010/2010%20AAPA%20Abstracts.pdf
P. 154 of 336 Sorry about the delay.