No. A retired officer of the United States (as are all military officers) can be stripped of rank and pension only if he faces a general court martial, is found guilty under the UCMJ, and is then dismissed from the service. Even Obama isn't crazy enough to court martial Petraeus, for then every bit of dirty laundry would become public. We'll see tomorrow how honorable a man is Petraeus.
You are thinking of the OLD MILITARY JUSTICE SYSTEM, where "National Security" is invoked whenever that "Dirty Laundry" has to be hidden.
His Defense in a Court Martial would NOT implicate ANYONE, other than those that are designated to take the Fall; count on it.
I still maintain that he was FORCED to Resign, and cut a "Plea Bargain" to keep himself whole, in exchange for NOT DISCLOSING The Messiah and his entourage as having repeatedly lied to the Public, and having PROVIDED THE ARMS AND MUNITIONS to those who killed the Americans in Bengazi.