Hmm, let us change it a bit. I can't prove the Theory of Gravity. If I pick up a rock and drop it, I can demonstrate the TOG, that is evidence that supports the TOG. but it is not "proof.' On the other hand, if I picked up a rock and it didn't fall when I released it that would disprove the TOG. I can only falsify the TOG.
Some things can be proved. I can prove the existence of the rock, I can't 'prove' the nonexistence (negative) of the rock, you might be hiding it in your fridge.
Let me put it another way, when scientists build a theory they don't try to prove a theory, they look for exceptions to the theory. Any exceptions disprove the theory.
When you observe a falling rock (or anything else) it imparts to you a particular instance of sense-knowledge. Theories are abstractions and as such must be grasped by the intellect and not the senses. You can't observe an abstraction. So, you can't demonstrate "the theory of gravity" by dropping a rock, no moreso can you demonstrate some "theory of color" by noticing that a particular apple is red. Abstractions apprehended by the intellect must be verified or refuted by acts of the intellect: reason, judgement, etc.
that is evidence that supports the TOG. but it is not "proof.'
Obviously it isn't proof, neither is noticing that an apple is red any sort of proof of a "theory of color", because all it is is an observation and not a body of reasoning. As if observation is all there is, and reasoning does not exist, you conclude from this that it isn't possible to verify theories of color or gravity. But this conclusion does not follow. What is wrong with saying that Newton's theory of gravity can be verified by computing the orbit of Ceres and comparing with observation? This is a completely comprehensible and sensible statement. I see no reason to avoid it and instead employ absurd Popperisms (however much in vogue they may be) like 'Newton's theory of gravity can't be verified but if the computed orbit of Ceres does not match observation then it is falsified."
I can prove the existence of the rock, I can't 'prove' the nonexistence (negative) of the rock, you might be hiding it in your fridge.
Why not? All you have to do is open the door, look inside, and note that there is no rock.
when scientists build a theory they don't try to prove a theory, they look for exceptions to the theory. Any exceptions disprove the theory.
As you know, astronomers discovered that the orbit of Uranus deviated from expectation. Physicists did not throw Newton's theory in the garbage. Rather they looked for an unknown object that was the cause.