What did the Russians call it when they owned it?
Bolshaya Gora (big mountain). I recall that in the 1960's, I read a gazetteer--probably published before the 1960's--that still listed "Bolshaya" as an alternative name to "McKinley." This publication didn't refer to "Denali," a name I never heard until maybe 20--odd years ago.
My brother climbed to the top of the mountain in 1977, and he never called it anything other than McKinley.