“From 1948, when the apartheid administration began, South Africa’s cities adopted the strict zoning principles of modernist urban planning, taking inspiration from Ebenezer Howard’s garden city movement and Le Corbusier’s Ville Radieuse, only repurposing their dogma of functional segregation towards racial ends.”
I cannot be overstated how important that was. You cannot design a city that works for everyone, but you can design a city that handles a few variables. That’s what modernists did and our cities have died as a result. The urban black poor are part of a system that was designed by Communists like Corbu go keep them poor.
Le Corbusier wasn’t a communist. Villa Savoye is a bourgeois paradise.