I knew a guy that worked for the phone company (NET) in the 1970s. He said he was sent to Brandeis to remove all the payphones, the blue box fraud was costing NET too much.
He removed a couple, then the students started to pay attention, questioned him ("work order...), and the students became very arrogant, and very menacingly irate.
Long story short, he called his supervisor...Brandeis came to a financial settlement with NET to leave the payphones...
Blue boxen were the ultimate.
But let's not leave out the black ones. They were more widespread, being basically trivial to construct.
Rare example of a prosecution (Williams College). The link is even basically accurate in describing how the device worked.