It's a little more difficult than that. How far you can detect a target through passive means depends on water conditions, temperature, salinity, depth, biologics in the area, signal strength, so forth.
And is a factor in all the technology embedded in our silent services, or are you of the opinion the different skunk works brainiacs have no clue to those reaities? Nothing they do is easy and my characterization was meant solely as an analogy. Nothing more, nothing less.