[Walvoord]

Interesting. When I was young and in school I was taught the same way as Obama. Hand over the heart for the Pledge but not the National Anthem.

I see from looking in my handy copy of the United States Code Annotated that 36, section 301 a & b were revised in 1976 and 1998.

I wonder if this was what they changed?

[Mad-Margaret]

You must be my age, Walvoord, because that’s the way I was taught in a Chicago public school back in the 50s. Pledge - Heart; Anthem - Sing.