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From: Lamentations 2:2, 10-14, 18-19

Second lament: Zion’s misfortunes and their causes

[2] The Lord has destroyed without mercy
all the habitations of Jacob;
in his wrath he has broken down
the strongholds of the daughter of Judah:
he has brought down to the ground in dishonour
the kingdom and its rulers.

[10] The elders of the daughter of Zion
sit on the ground in silence;
they have cast dust on their heads
and put on sackcloth;
the maidens of Jerusalem
have bowed their heads to the ground.

[11] My eyes are spent with weeping;
my soul is in tumult:
my heart is poured out in grief
because of the destruction of the daughter of my people,
because infants and babes faint
in the streets of the city.

[12] They cry to their mothers.
“Where is bread and wine?”
as they faint like wounded men
in the streets of the city.
as their life is poured out
on their mothers’ bosom.

[13] What can I say for you, to what compare you,
O daughter of Jerusalem?
What can I liken to you, that I may comfort you,
O virgin daughter of Zion?
For vast as the sea is your ruin;
Who can restore you?

[14] Your prophets have seen for you
false and deceptive visions;
they have not exposed your iniquity
to restore your fortunes,
but have seen for you oracles
false and misleading.

[18] Cry aloud to the Lord!
O daughter of Zion!
Let tears stream down like a torrent
day and night!
Give yourself no rest,
your eyes no respite!

[19] Arise, cry out in the night,
at the beginning of the watches!
Pour out your heart like water
before the presence of the Lord!
Lift your hands to him
for the lives of your children,
who faint for hunger
at the head of every street.

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Commentary:

2:1-22. The second lamentation begins and ends with explicit references to the main reason for all Zion’s misfortunes — the anger of God (vv 1 and 22), that is, his just indignation at the sins of the people. However, the main body of the poem is a meditation containing reflections on the prospects of conversion. St Thomas points out that there are two parts to the poem: “In the first part of the poem, the disgrace of the destruction is lamented (vv. 1-7); in the second part, the grace of God’s mercy is implored” (Postilla super Threnos, 2).

The poem begins by describing the fall of Jerusalem (vv. 1-9). Using bold imagery, the author describes the defeat of the Jews and the destruction of the temple as something done not so much by the Chaldeans as by the Lord himself, who became “like an enemy” to Israel (v. 5), rejected the temple and its rites (vv. 6-7), and deprived the city of its defences (vv. 8-9). It then goes on to show the reader just how things were in the city at the time — no law, no princes, no prophets (v. 9), no food (vv. 11-12), nothing but silence and weeping (vv. 10-11). Such being the scene, the inspired writer reproaches Jerusalem on a number of counts (vv.
13-19) — the apathy of its prophets (v. 14), the city’s failure to turn back to God; it has become the object of jeers and mockery. But it must not stay like that; it must be converted to the Lord, by making anguished prayer (vv. 18-19) – prayer like that of the sacred writer (vv. 20-22) which stresses that Israel is still the Lord’s chosen people.

Jerusalem’s plight, then, is a punishment from God. Still, the severest reproach of all is that addressed to the prophets. The false prophets lulled the people into a false sense of security instead of calling them to conversion (v. 14); as Olympiodorus glosses the text, “they do not tell you the truth by which you would recognize your sins and repent [...]. On the contrary, they read you false prophecies and use vain arguments to drive you further from God” (Fragmenta in Lamentationes, 2, 14). On the other hand, the true word of God has been borne out: it is not surprising that v. 17 should be quoted when reminding Church pastors of their responsibilities: “The good pastor should know when to keep silent through discretion and when it is important to speak, so that he will never speak of what should not be said nor fail to speak when it must be said. As indiscreet speech can lead to sin; imprudent silence can leave those who were in need of

teaching to wallow in their sin. It often happens that imprudent pastors are afraid to tell the truth openly because they fear that they will lose the respect of their people. The pastor who is afraid to tell his people the truth turns his back on them by his silence. He builds a wall for the house of Israel, to keep out those who would destroy the flock; but when the people have sinned, as is said elsewhere in Scripture: Your prophets have seen for you false and deceptive visions; they have not exposed your iniquity to restore your fortunes (Lam 2:14)” (St Gregory the Great, Regula pastoralis, 2, 4).

From: Matthew 8:5-17

The Centurion’s Faith

[5] As He (Jesus) entered Capernaum, a centurion came forward to Him, beseeching Him [6] and saying, “Lord, my servant is lying paralyzed at home, in terrible distress.” [7] And He said to him, “I will come and heal him.” [8] But the centurion answered Him, “Lord, I am not worthy to have You come under my roof; but only say the word, and my servant will be healed. [9] For I am a man under authority, with soldiers under me; and I say to one, `Go,’ and he goes, and to another, `Come,’ and he comes, and to my slave, `Do this,’ and he does it.” [10] When Jesus heard him, He marvelled, and said to those who followed Him, “Truly, I say to you, not even in Israel have I found such faith. [11] I tell you, many will come from east and west and sit at table with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob in the Kingdom of Heaven, [12] while the sons of the kingdom will be thrown into the outer darkness; there men will weep and gnash their teeth.” [13] And to the centurion Jesus said, “Go; be it done for you as you have believed.” And the servant was healed at that very moment.

A Number of Cures

[14] And when Jesus entered Peter’s house, He saw his mother-in-law lying sick with fever; [15] He touched her hand, and the fever left her, and she rose and served Him. [16] That evening they brought to Him many who were possessed with demons; and He cast out the spirits with a word, and healed all who were sick. [17] This was to fulfill what was spoken by the prophet Isaiah, “He took our infirmities and bore our diseases.”

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Commentary:

5-11. “Centurion”: an officer of the Roman army in control of one hundred men. This man’s faith is still an example to us. At the solemn moment when a Christian is about to receive Jesus in the Blessed Sacrament, the Church’s liturgy places on his lips and in his heart these words of the centurion, to enliven his faith: Lord, I am not worthy...”.

The Jews of this time regarded any Jew who entered a Gentile’s house as contracting legal impurity (cf. John 19:28; Acts 11:2-3). This centurion has the deference not to place Jesus in an embarrassing position in the eyes of His fellow Israelites. He shows that he is convinced that Jesus has the power over disease and illness; he suggests that if Jesus just says the word, He will do what is needed without having actually to visit the house; he is reasoning, in a simple, logical way, on the basis of his own professional experience. Jesus avails of this meeting with a Gentile believer to make a solemn prophecy to the effect that His Gospel is addressed to the world at large; all men, of every nation and race, of every age and condition, are called to follow Christ.

14-15. After his body—or soul—is healed, everyone is called to “rise up” from his previous position, to serve Jesus Christ. No laments, no delays; instead one should make oneself immediately available to the Lord.

16-17. The expulsion of evil spirits is one of the main signs of the establishment of the Kingdom of God (cf. Matthew 12:8). Similarly, the healing of diseases, which ultimately are the result of sin, is one of the signs of the “works of the Messiah” proclaimed by the prophets (cf. Isaiah 29:18; 35:5-6).