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From: Genesis 18:1-15

The Apparition of God at Mamre

[1] And the Lord appeared to him (Abraham) by the oaks of Mamre, as he sat at
the door of his tent in the heat of the day. [2] He lifted up his eyes and looked,
and behold, three men stood in front of him. When he saw them, he ran from the
tent door to meet them and bowed himself to the earth, [3] and said, “My lord, if
I have found favor in your sight, do not pass by your servant. [4] Let a little water
be brought, and wash your feet, and rest yourselves under the tree, [5] while I
fetch a morsel of bread, that you may refresh yourselves, and after that you may
pass on—since you have come to your servant.” So they said, “Do as you have
said.” [6] And Abraham hastened into the tent to Sarah, and said, “Make ready
quickly three measures of fine meal, knead it, and make cakes. [7] And Abra-
ham ran to the herd, and took a calf, tender and good and gave it to the servant,
who hastened to prepare it. [8] Then he took curds, and milk, and the calf which
he had prepared, and set it before them; and he stood by them under the tree
while they ate.

Isaac’s Birth is Promised

[9] They said to him, “Where is Sarah your wife?” And he said, “She is in the
tent.” [10a] The Lord said, “I will surely return to you in the spring, and Sarah
your wife shall have a son.” And Sarah was listening at the tent door behind him.
[11] Now Abraham and Sarah were old, advanced in age; it had ceased to be
with Sarah after the manner of women. [12] So Sarah laughed to herself, saying,
“After I have grown old, and my husband is old, shall I have pleasure?” [13] The
Lord said to Abraham, “Why did Sarah laugh, and say, ‘Shall I indeed bear a
child, now that I am old?’ [14] Is anything too hard for the Lord? At the appointed
time I will return to you, in the spring, and Sarah shall have a son.” [15] But Sa-
rah denied, saying, “I did not laugh”; for she was afraid. He said, “No, but you
did laugh.”

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Commentary:

18:1-19:38. These two episodes—God’s appearance to Abraham at Mamre and
the destruction of Sodom—form a single account. Once again we can see the
sort of relationship that obtains between God and Abraham; this time, what is
emphasized is not just the promise of a son for Sarah, but also the patriarch’s
intercession on behalf of Sodom and Gomorrah. This intercession saves Lot and
his family (cf. 19:29). Thus, Abraham is already a blessing for all the descendants
of Lot. This narrative is quite colorful, and includes some curious little details —
making it one of the most popular passages in the story of the patriarchs.

18:1-15. This new appearance of God to Abraham is somewhat mysterious: the
three men stand for God. When Abraham speaks to them, sometimes he addres-
ses them in the singular (as if there were one person there: cf. v. 3), and some-
times in the plural (as if there were three: cf. v. 4). That is why some Fathers in-
terpreted this appearance as an early announcement of the mystery of the Holy
Trinity; others, following Jewish tradition (cf. Heb 13:2) take these personages to
be angels. The sacred text says that one of the three men (Yahweh, apparently)
stays with Abraham (cf. v. 22), while the other two, who are referred to as angels,
go to Sodom (cf. 19:1). Although the early chapters of Genesis do not expressly
talk about the creation of angels, that creation can be read into the word “hea-
vens” in Gen 1:1: “at the beginning of time, God created out of nothing both types
of creatures, spiritual and corporeal, that is, angelic and earthly,” says Lateran
Council IV (”De Fide Catolica”). In Holy Scripture angels are mentioned as being
servants and messengers of God, and, despite the way they are sometimes des-
cribed, such as in this passage, they should be understood as being purely spiri-
tual, personal and immortal creatures, endowed with intelligence and will. “Angels
have been present since creation (cf. Job 38:7, where the angels are called ‘sons
of God’) and throughout the history of salvation, announcing this salvation from
afar or near and serving the accomplishment of the divine plan: they closed the
earthly paradise (cf. Gen 3:24); protected Lot (cf. Gen 19); saved Hagar and her
child (cf. Gen 21:17); stayed Abraham’s hand (cf. Gen 22.11); communicated the
law by their ministry (cf. Acts 7:53); led the people of God (cf. Ex 23:20-23); an-
nounced births (cf. Judg 13) and callings (cf. Judg 6:11-24; Is 6:6); and assisted
the prophets (cf. 1 Kings 19:5), just to cite a few examples. Finally, the angel
Gabriel announced the birth of the Precursor and that of Jesus himself (cf. Lk
1:11-26)” (”Catechism of the Catholic Church”, 332).

In the general context of Genesis, this episode points up the new situation crea-
ted by the Covenant. God speaks to Abraham directly, as he spoke to Adam be-
fore he committed sin. Abraham, for his part, receives God through his hospita-
lity, and God again promises that Sarah will have a son (now specifying when
the child will be born). “Because Abraham believed in God and walked in his pre-
sence and in covenant with him (cf. Gen 15:6; 17:1-2), the patriarch is ready to
welcome a mysterious Guest into his tent. Abraham’s remarkable hospitality at
Mamre foreshadows the annunciation of the true Son of the promise (cf. Gen 18:
1-15; Lk 1: 26-38). After that, once God has confided his plan, Abraham’s heart
is attuned to his Lord’s compassion for men and he dares to intercede for them
with bold confidence (cf. Gen 18:16-33)” (ibid., 2571).

18:6. The measure mentioned here, a “seah” (pl. “seim”) is a measure of dry
grain (cf. 1 Sam 25:18; 2 Kings 7:1, 16, 18) which was probably a third of an
ephah, that is, about seven liters or two gallons.

18:10. “In the spring”; this could also be translated as “next year”. Literally, “the
time of life”, which some interpret as “the time of a woman’s pregnancy”, that is,
nine months.

*********************************************************************************************
Source: “The Navarre Bible: Text and Commentaries”. Biblical text from the
Revised Standard Version and New Vulgate. Commentaries by members of
the Faculty of Theology, University of Navarre, Spain.

Published by Four Courts Press, Kill Lane, Blackrock, Co. Dublin, Ireland, and
by Scepter Publishers in the United States.

From: Matthew 8:5-17

The Centurion’s Faith

[5] As He (Jesus) entered Capernaum, a centurion came forward to Him, besee-
ching Him [6] and saying, “Lord, my servant is lying paralyzed at home, in terri-
ble distress.” [7] And He said to him, “I will come and heal him.” [8] But the cen-
turion answered Him, “Lord, I am not worthy to have You come under my roof;
but only say the word, and my servant will be healed. [9] For I am a man under
authority, with soldiers under me; and I say to one, ‘Go,’ and he goes, and to
another, ‘Come,’ and he comes and to my slave, ‘Do this,’ and he does it.” [10]
When Jesus heard him, He marvelled, and said to those who followed Him, “Tru-
ly, I say to you, not even in Israel have I found such faith. [11] I tell you, many
will come from east and west and sit at table with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob
in the Kingdom of Heaven, [12] while the sons of the kingdom will be thrown into
the outer darkness; there men will weep and gnash their teeth.” [13] And to the
centurion Jesus said, “Go; be it done for you as you have believed.” And the ser-
vant was healed at that very moment.

A Number of Cures

[14] And when Jesus entered Peter’s house, He saw his mother-in-law lying sick
with fever; [15] He touched her hand, and the fever left her, and she rose and ser-
ved Him. [16] That evening they brought to Him many who were possessed with
demons; and He cast out the spirits with a word, and healed all who were sick.
[17] This was to fulfill what was spoken by the prophet Isaiah, “He took our infir-
mities and bore our diseases.”

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Commentary:

5-11. “Centurion”: an officer of the Roman army in control of one hundred men.
This man’s faith is still an example to us. At the solemn moment when a Chris-
tian is about to receive Jesus in the Blessed Sacrament, the Church’s liturgy
places on his lips and in his heart these words of the centurion, to enliven his
faith: Lord, I am not worthy...”.

The Jews of this time regarded any Jew who entered a Gentile’s house as con-
tracting legal impurity (cf. John 19:28; Acts 11:2-3). This centurion has the defe-
rence not to place Jesus in an embarrassing position in the eyes of His fellow
Israelites. He shows that he is convinced that Jesus has the power over disease
and illness; he suggests that if Jesus just says the word, He will do what is nee-
ded without having actually to visit the house; he is reasoning, in a simple, logi-
cal way, on the basis of his own professional experience. Jesus avails of this
meeting with a Gentile believer to make a solemn prophecy to the effect that
His Gospel is addressed to the world at large; all men, of every nation and race,
of every age and condition, are called to follow Christ.

14-15. After his body—or soul—is healed, everyone is called to “rise up” from his
previous position, to serve Jesus Christ. No laments, no delays; instead one
should make oneself immediately available to the Lord.

16-17. The expulsion of evil spirits is one of the main signs of the establishment
of the Kingdom of God (cf. Matthew 12:8). Similarly, the healing of diseases,
which ultimately are the result of sin, is one of the signs of the “works of the
Messiah” proclaimed by the prophets (cf. Isaiah 29:18; 35:5-6).

*********************************************************************************************
Source: “The Navarre Bible: Text and Commentaries”. Biblical text from the
Revised Standard Version and New Vulgate. Commentaries by members of
the Faculty of Theology, University of Navarre, Spain.

Published by Four Courts Press, Kill Lane, Blackrock, Co. Dublin, Ireland, and
by Scepter Publishers in the United States.

Scripture readings from the Jerusalem Bible by Darton, Longman & Todd

Readings at Mass

Liturgical Colour: Green.

First reading	Genesis 18:1-15 ©

The Lord appeared to Abraham at the Oak of Mamre while he was sitting by the entrance of the tent during the hottest part of the day. He looked up, and there he saw three men standing near him. As soon as he saw them he ran from the entrance of the tent to meet them, and bowed to the ground. ‘My lord,’ he said ‘I beg you, if I find favour with you, kindly do not pass your servant by. A little water shall be brought; you shall wash your feet and lie down under the tree. Let me fetch a little bread and you shall refresh yourselves before going further. That is why you have come in your servant’s direction.’ They replied, ‘Do as you say.’

Abraham hastened to the tent to find Sarah.’ ‘Hurry,’ he said ‘knead three bushels of flour and make loaves.’ Then running to the cattle Abraham took a fine and tender calf and gave it to the servant, who hurried to prepare it. Then taking cream, milk and the calf he had prepared, he laid all before them, and they ate while he remained standing near them under the tree.

‘Where is your wife Sarah?’ they asked him. ‘She is in the tent’ he replied. Then his guest said, ‘I shall visit you again next year without fail, and your wife will then have a son.’ Sarah was listening at the entrance of the tent behind him. Now Abraham and Sarah were old, well on in years, and Sarah had ceased to have her monthly periods. So Sarah laughed to herself, thinking, ‘Now that I am past the age of child-bearing, and my husband is an old man, is pleasure to come my way again!’ But the Lord asked Abraham, ‘Why did Sarah laugh and say, “Am I really going to have a child now that I am old?” Is anything too wonderful for the Lord? At the same time next year I shall visit you again and Sarah will have a son.’ ‘I did not laugh’ Sarah said, lying because she was afraid. But he replied, ‘Oh yes, you did laugh.’

Responsorial Psalm
Luke 1:46-50,53-55 ©