No, but it made them better disciples and strengthened them for later trials (except for Judas). They repented and regretted their actions. There is a difference between a moment of weakness (with possible danger to themselves) and persistent actions over many many years of an institution which inflicted cruel tortures and death to who knows how many souls that believed different from them. Maybe you don't see the difference but I am sure God does.
Protestants never seem to grasp the irony of harping on this point.
Betraying and abandoning Jesus made Peter, James, etc. better disciples? God forbid that anyone should do evil that good may come of it.
Sin is sin, whether in 60, 1600, or 2016 AD. Widespread sin, however, even in high places, does not turn sin into a doctrine of the Church.