From: Revelation 5:11-14
The Sealed Scroll and the Lamb
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Commentary:
11-14. The host of angels around the throne act as a kind of guard of honor pro-
claiming the sublime perfection of Christ the Lamb (v. 12); they list seven attri-
butes which all point to the fact that he has everything that belongs to the God-
head.
After the song of the spiritual, invisible, creation, there follows the hymn of the
material, visible, world. This hymn (v. 14) differs from the previous one in that it
is also addressed to him who sits upon the throne. It thereby puts on the same
level God and the Lamb, whose Godhead is being proclaimed. This marks the
climax of the universal, cosmic praise that is rendered the Lamb. The emphatic
“Amen!” of the four living creatures, and the worship offered by the elders brings
this introductory vision to a close.
As in other passages of the book, mention is made of the role of the angels in
heaven, particularly the worship and praise they offer God before his throne (cf.
Rev 7:11), their role in putting God’s plans into operation (cf. 11:15; 16:17; 22:6,
etc.) and their intercession with God on behalf of mankind (cf. 8:4).
The Church has always encouraged special devotion to the angels (cf. “Lumen
Gentium”, 50). Sacred Scripture and the teaching of the Church clearly tells us
about the existence of angels and about their mission to guide and protect us;
cf. Exodus 23:20: “Behold, I send an angel before you, to guard you on the way
and to bring you to the place which I have prepared. Give heed to him and har-
ken to his voice.” Echoing these words the Catechism of St Pius states that
“by God’s providence angels have been entrusted with the office of guarding the
human race and of accompanying every human being [...]. (God) not only de-
putes angels on particular and private occasions, but also appoints them to take
care of us from our very births. He furthermore appoints them to watch over the
salvation of every member of the human race” (IV, 9). Devotion to one’s guardian
angel, a part of ordinary Christian practice, is something we learn as children
and should keep up during our adult lives: “Have confidence in your guardian
Angel. Treat him as a lifelong friend—that is what he is—and he will render you a
thousand services in the ordinary affairs of each day” (St. J. Escriva, “The Way”,
562).
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Source: “The Navarre Bible: Text and Commentaries”. Biblical text from the
Revised Standard Version and New Vulgate. Commentaries by members of
the Faculty of Theology, University of Navarre, Spain.
Published by Four Courts Press, Kill Lane, Blackrock, Co. Dublin, Ireland, and
by Scepter Publishers in the United States.
From: John 21:1-19
The Miraculous Draught of Fish
[4] Just as day was breaking, Jesus stood on the beach; yet the disciples did
not know that it was Jesus. [5] Jesus said to them, “Children, have you any
fish?” They answered Him, “No.” [6] He said to them, “Cast the net on the right
side of the boat, and you will find some.” So they cast it, and now they were not
able to haul it in, for the quantity of fish. [7] That disciple whom Jesus loved said
to Peter, “It is the Lord!” When Simon Peter heard that it was the Lord, he put
on his clothes, for he was stripped for work, and sprang into the sea. [8] But the
other disciples came in the boat, dragging the net full of fish, for they were not far
from the land, but about a hundred yards off.
[9] When they got out on land, they saw a charcoal fire there, with fish lying on it,
and bread. [10] Jesus said to them, “Bring some fish that you have just caught.”
[11] So Simon Peter went aboard and hauled the net ashore, full of large fish, a
hundred and fifty-three of them; and although there were so many, the net was
not torn. [12] Jesus said to them, “Come and have breakfast.” Now none of the
disciples dared ask Him, “Who are you?” They knew it was the Lord. [13] Jesus
came and took the bread and gave it to them, and so with the fish. [14] This was
now the third time that Jesus was revealed to the disciples after He was raised
from the dead.
Peter’s Primacy
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Commentary:
1-3. There are some very significant things in this account: we find the disciples
“by the Sea of Tiberias”, which means they have done what the risen Christ had
told them to do (cf. Matthew 28:7); they are together, which shows that there is
a close fraternity among them; Peter takes the initiative, which in a way shows
his authority; and they have gone back to their old jobs as fishermen, probably
waiting for our Lord to give them new instructions.
This episode is reminiscent of the first miraculous draught of fish (cf. Luke 5:1-
11), where our Lord promised Peter He would make him a fisher of men; now
He is going to confirm his mission as visible head of the Church.
4-8. The risen Jesus goes in search of His disciples, to encourage them and tell
them more about the great mission He has entrusted to them. This account de-
scribes a very moving scene, our Lord together with His own: “He passes by,
close to His Apostles, close to those souls who have given themselves to Him,
and they do not realize He is there. How often Christ is not only near us, but in
us; yet we still live in such a human way!... They, the disciples, recall what they
have heard so often from their Master’s lips: fisher of men, apostles. And they
realize that all things are possible, because it is He who is directing their fishing.
“Whereupon ‘the disciple whom Jesus loved said to Peter, It is the Lord!’ Love,
love is farsighted. Love is the first to appreciate kindness. The adolescent Apos-
tle, who felt a deep and firm affection for Jesus, because he loved Christ with all
the purity and tenderness of a heart that had never been corrupted, exclaimed:
‘It is the Lord!’”
“’When Simon Peter heard that it was the Lord, he put on his clothes and sprang
into the sea.’ Peter personifies faith. Full of marvelous daring, he leaps into the
sea. With a love like John’s and a faith like Peter’s, what is there that can stop
us?” (St. J. Escriva, “Friends of God”, 265-266).
9-14. We can sense here the deep impression this appearance of the risen Jesus
must have made on the Apostles, and how sweet a memory St. John kept of it.
After His resurrection Jesus showed the same tenderness as characterized His
public ministry. He makes use of natural things — the fire, the fish, et cetera — to
show that He really is there, and He maintains the familiar tone typical of when
He lived with the disciples.
The Fathers and Doctors of the Church have often dwelt on the mystical meaning
of this episode: the boat is the Church, whose unity is symbolized by the net
which is not torn; the sea is the world, Peter in the boat stands for supreme au-
thority of the Church, and the number of fish signifies the number of the elect (cf.
St. Thomas Aquinas, “Commentary on St. John, in loc.”).
15-17. Jesus Christ had promised Peter that he would be the primate of the
Church (cf. Matthew 16:16-19 and note on the same). Despite his three denials
during our Lord’s passion, Christ now confers on him the primacy He promised.
“Jesus questions Peter, three times, as if to give him a triple chance to atone
for his triple denial. Peter has learned his lesson from the bitter experience of his
wretchedness. Aware of his weakness, he is deeply convinced that rash claims
are pointless. Instead he puts everything in Christ’s hands. ‘Lord, You know well
that I love You” (St. J. Escriva, “Friends of God”, 267). The primacy was given to
Peter directly and immediately. So the Church has always understood — and so
Vatican I defined: “We therefore teach and declare that, according to the testi-
mony of the Gospel, the primacy of jurisdiction over the universal Church of God
was immediately and directly promised and given to Blessed Peter the Apostle
by Christ our Lord. [...] And it was upon Simon Peter alone that Jesus after His
resurrection bestowed the jurisdiction of chief pastor and ruler over all His fold in
the words: “Feed My lambs; feed My sheep” (”Pastor Aeternus”, Chapter 1).
The primacy is a grace conferred on Peter and his successors, the popes; it is
one of the basic elements in the Church, designed to guard and protect its unity:
“In order that the episcopate also might be one and undivided, and that [...] the
multitude of the faithful might be kept secure in the oneness of faith and commu-
nion, He set Blessed Peter over the rest of the Apostles, and fixed in him the
abiding principle of this twofold unity, and its visible foundation” (”Pastor Aeter-
nus, Dz-Sch 3051”; cf. Vatican II, “Lumen Gentium”, 18). Therefore, the primacy
of Peter is perpetuated in each of his successors: this is something which Christ
disposed; it is not based on human legislation or custom.
By virtue of the primacy, Peter, and each of his successors, is the shepherd of
the whole Church and vicar of Christ on earth, because he exercises vicariously
Christ’s own authority. Love for the Pope, whom St. Catherine of Siena used to
call “the sweet Christ on earth”, should express itself in prayer, sacrifice and
obedience.
18-19. According to Tradition, St. Peter followed his Master to the point of dying
by crucifixion, head downwards, “Peter and Paul suffered martyrdom in Rome
during Nero’s persecution of Christians, which took place between the years 64
and 68. St. Clement, the successor of the same Peter in the See of the Church
of Rome, recalls this when, writing to the Corinthians, he puts before them ‘the
generous example of these two athletes’: ‘due to jealousy and envy, those who
were the principal and holiest columns suffered persecution and fought the fight
unto death’” ([Pope] Paul VI, “Petrum Et Paulum”).
“Follow Me!”: these words would have reminded the Apostle of the first call he re-
ceived (cf. Matthew 4:19) and of the fact that Christ requires of His disciples com-
plete self-surrender: “If any man would come after Me, let him deny himself and
take up the Cross daily and follow Me” (Luke 9:23). St. Peter himself, in one of
his letters, also testifies to the Cross being something all Christians must carry:
“For to this you have been called, because Christ also suffered for you, leaving
you an example, that you should follow in His steps” (1 Peter 2:21).
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Source: “The Navarre Bible: Text and Commentaries”. Biblical text from the
Revised Standard Version and New Vulgate. Commentaries by members of
the Faculty of Theology, University of Navarre, Spain.
Published by Four Courts Press, Kill Lane, Blackrock, Co. Dublin, Ireland, and
by Scepter Publishers in the United States.