I think I would say something like, “If I don’t have any First Amendment Rights in this Class, and you are breaking the law I will gladly drop the class, and (motioning to other students) take these other students with me, for I am a Catholic and a citizen of the United States of America.”
It’s not a 1st amendment issue. Marquette is not an arm of the state.
However, it is a CATHOLIC issue.
The conversation is... ‘Can I defend the teaching of the Catholic Church at this Catholic University without fear of reprisal from my professor?’
If not, why does my professor continue to have a teaching position on campus?