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Colossians 2:8 refers to the Pharisees -- but it's interesting that people were still required by God to follow them, because they held the "Chair of Moses" (Matthew 23:1-3). Christ supplanted this Chair with the Chair of Peter.

When did the Church go apostate???

"The Scriptures" include other writings of the Church Fathers (early Christian leaders). Why would only some of their writings have any merit? Because the Church supposedly said so?

Luke 21:15 is directed at the Apostles and their successors. Interesting to note that you didn't address the other verses cited in that sentence.

Do you have proof that "Ignatius' letters were forged"? I know of none.

In Jerusalem, James received special honor because he was the patriarch of the region (ref: list of patriarchs). The Church still reflects this with Her principle of collegiality. If the Pope were to visit another bishop's diocese tomorrow, he would first request permission from that bishop and would then show him special respect during his visit.

Colossians 2:8 refers to the Pharisees

Really, Pharisees in Colossae? Similar to Catholic 'Holy Tradition' was the Pharisee Oral Torah passed from God to Moses to to the Pharisees. Unlike the Oral Torah which was subsequently put to paper, Holy Tradition continues to be unwritten.

Judaizers more likely or early Catholics.

Col 2

8 See to it that no one takes you captive by philosophy and empty deceit, according to human tradition, according to the elemental spirits[a] of the world, and not according to Christ....

20 If with Christ you died to the elemental spirits of the world, why, as if you were still alive in the world, do you submit to regulations— 21 “Do not handle, Do not taste, Do not touch” 22 (referring to things that all perish as they are used)—according to human precepts and teachings? 23 These have indeed an appearance of wisdom in promoting self-made religion and asceticism and severity to the body, but they are of no value in stopping the indulgence of the flesh.

Bishops are given special power (Luke 21:15)

Not a bishop among those addressed. No wonder the Catholic church has need of Tradition, can't use scripture.