"Conscience is a student, not a teacher" meaning, you don't invent your "own" morality: our goal is to "think with the mind of Christ"..
and...
"Conscience has duties before it has rights," meaning, you have a duty to correctly form, inform, finally transform your conscience.
That being said, you should ordinarily honor and even accommodate a person's right to follow even a erroneous conscience, as long as they are not hurting anybody thereby. For example: say a person thinks it's a sin to eat meat. Their conscience is erroneous, but if I've invited them to my home for dinner, I should refrain from putting a burger under their nose, and instead give them a nice vegetable chowder!
No disagreement here. Which is why I noted that we do have an obligation to respect persons but that does not necessarily imply an ethical obligation to respect their opinions. I also agree with you that we should not be a "stumbling block" as your "menu" illustration points out.