WDTPRS: 24th Ordinary Sunday – Does it make any difference pray?
The Collect for the 24th Ordinary Sunday was not in pre-Conciliar editions of the Roman Missal but it has an antecedent in the ancient Veronese Sacramentary amongst the prayers used during September.
Respice nos, rerum omnium Deus creator et rector, et, ut tuae propitiationis sentiamus effectum, toto nos tribue tibi corde servire.
Propitiatio means “an appeasing; atonement”. It can also mean the propitiatory sacrifice itself.
LITERAL RENDERING:
Be mindful of us, O God, creator and ruler of all things, and, in order that we may sense the effect of Your act of atonement, allow us to serve You with our whole heart.
CURRENT ICEL (2011):
Look upon us, O God, Creator and ruler of all things, and, that we may feel the working of your mercy, grant that we may serve you with all our heart.
St. Augustine (+430), in his autobiographical prayer the Confessions (3, 7), uses the phrase “unus et verus creator et rector universitatis”, very like the first line. Augustine certainly knew the hymns of Milan’s bishop St. Ambrose (+397), which he heard sung in cathedral. To my ear, this first line rings like Ambrose’s hymn Deus Creator Omnium, which is, in part, included in the Liturgy of Hours for 1st Vespers of Sundays during Ordinary Time.
Propitiation is a prayerful act of appeasement begging for God’s mercy. Because we are sinners, we seek mitigation of the punishments we justly deserve for our sins both in this world and temporal punishment in the next. Propitiation is distinguished from impetration (from Latin impetro, “to obtain, by exertion, entreaty”). Impetration is an appeal to God’s goodness asking for spiritual or temporal well-being for ourselves or others. By impetratory prayer we beg God for benefits. By propitiatory prayer we beg Him for mercy and forgiveness.
Throughout the ages people have wondered whether it makes any sense to pray to God at all.
After all, God is omniscient and eternal. He is not limited by past, present or future. His being and will and knowledge are one and the same. God, being perfect, is unchangeable. He orders all things to their proper end, which is what we call divine providence. What God knows will come to pass must necessarily come to pass. God is utterly transcendent. We cannot bend God to our will.
Does it make any sense or any difference to offer prayers to such a God?
Various solutions to this problem have been proposed. Some ancient thinkers held that human affairs are not ruled by any divine providence and it is therefore useless to pray to or worship any god. Others held that all things, including human affairs, happen from necessity, whether by reason of the immutability of divine providence, or through the compelling influence of the stars, cosmic or physical forces, etc. This view similarly renders prayer pointless. Others held that divine providence indeed rules human affairs and things do not happen of necessity, but they thought that God and His providence is mutable, and can be changed by rites and prayers.
In figuring out what to pray and how, and even why to pray at all, we Catholics must account for the usefulness and effectiveness of prayer in such a way as to avoid imposing fatalistic necessity on human affairs and also to avoid any suggestion that God is changeable, fickle, malleable.
In His earthly life Jesus, God with us, demonstrated that prayers are effective. He was moved by His Mother at Cana to change water to wine, by the Syro-Phoenician woman to exorcise her daughter, by the Good Thief to remember him in His Kingdom, and by many others. We know that saints can intercede for us and obtain favors from God. Our Lord Himself prayed. He Himself taught us to pray and to ask for things and to beg mercy.
St. Thomas Aquinas (+1274) drills into the problem of whether it is useful to pray to God (STh II, IIae, q. 83, a. 2) saying, “We pray not that we may change the divine disposition, but that we may impetrate that which God has disposed to be fulfilled by our prayers, in other words, ‘that by asking, men may deserve to receive what Almighty God from eternity has disposed to give’ (St. Gregory, Dialogues)…”. The same applies to begging for God’s mercy (propitiatory prayer), which we can do with confidence.
Our prayer should be raised to God with humility and gratitude for what we know He has disposed in His divine providence. He grants favors according to what from all eternity He has known about us, our needs and disposition. Our prayers are good for us.
Confidently but humbly, boldly but without presumption, raise your cares and petitions to God without treating Him as if He were a cosmic concierge.