Matthew 10:5-6: “Jesus sent out these twelve 4 after instructing them thus, ‘Do not go into pagan territory or enter a Samaritan town. Go rather to the lost sheep of the house of Israel.’”
You really believe that this was meant to forbid the disciples from preaching the resurrection to the gentiles? How about this line: “Go, therefore, and make disciples of all nations.”
But back on the subject:
How does any of what you wrote demonstrate Peter was in Iraq? The city of Babylon had been utterly destroyed, completely desolate.
That Paul was the founder of the Church at Rome is flatly false. Paul writes the Letter to the Romans to the those who are already Christians in Rome. But Paul plainly had never been to Rome (yet): “I do not want you to be unaware, brothers, 8 that I often planned to come to you, though I was prevented until now, that I might harvest some fruit among you, too, as among the rest of the Gentiles.”
Josephus [Antiquities, Book XI, Chapter 5, Paragraph 2, lines 5-6] And when these Jews had understood what piety the king had towards God, and what kindness he had for Esdras, they were all greatly pleased; nay, many of them took their effects with them, and came to Babylon, as very desirous of going down to Jerusalem; but then the entire body of the people of Israel remained in that country; wherefore there are but two tribes in Asia and Europe subject to the Romans, while the ten tribes are beyond Euphrates till now, and are an immense multitude, and not to be estimated by numbers.
This was written in the first century. "Beyond the Euphrates" is also known as Babylon....the ancient civilization. There were still many Israelites living in these territories left over from the Assyrian captivity of 721 B.C. [II Kings 17:22-23]. There were also many Jews living here....left over from the Babylonian captivity 125 years later [II Kings 25:11]. These two houses....The House of Judah and The House of Israel were the Lost Sheep referred to by Our Saviour in [Matthew 10:5-6]....and these are the folks to whom the "Twelve" were given to evangelize!
Over the years history has lost track of these people but during the first century everyone knew who they were and where they were. [John 7:35] Then said the Jews among themselves, Whither will he go, that we shall not find him? will he go unto the dispersed among the Gentiles, and teach the Gentiles?
The two tribes mentioned by Josephus as still in Asia were of course Judah and Benjamin who comprised the House of Judah. Levi was also with them but was not listed separately as they were a priestly tribe and lived among and ministered to the others.