Saudi Arabia, Russia raise stakes in oil production standoff

Reuters ^ | March 10, 2020 | by Rania El Gamal, Olesya Astakhova

[abb]

There are proxies - XOM, BP, CVX, RDS, etc

[Oldeconomybuyer]

Oil exports are about 50% of Russian GDP, and a much higher percent of their government operating revenue. If they F with the Saudi’s, Putin loses.

[SaxxonWoods]

If you don’t produce but you do consume, you like oil price wars, as long as there is supply. And that’s the whole point of this one, more supply.

Some American states will take advantage of the low prices to raise their gas taxes, the price increase that only grows over time.

[glorgau]

Russia wants to hurt a vital sector of the U.S. economy in an election year.

There are other sectors of the economy that would benefit. Kind of a mixed bag.

[TalBlack]

“...and the oil terminal at Dhahran is one of the most modern in the world.”

Damn shame if something were to happen to it...

[rfp1234]

Got it. Then POTUS could tailor his message for different states. For Texas, e.g., it’s important to address major layoffs and small frackers potentially going bankrupt.

TX electoral votes won’t go to the Rats, but just a few seats in the House might make the difference between keeping Pelousi as Speaker or sending her to pasture.

[Sam Gamgee]

My understanding is there is tons of dormant oil in Saudi Arabia they haven’t even bothered to put wells on.

[Zhang Fei]

[US frackers now have a production cost of $27 a barrel. ]

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And the fixed costs go down every time a fracker goes chapter 11, zeroes out the shares and turns debtholders into new shareholders.

[CurlyDave]

Hard to decide who to root for in this battle, but if I had to choose, I would take the quasi-Christian Russians over the Mohammedans. Am I wrong?

Mutual weakening would be the best possible outcome and we may very well get that.

[Zhang Fei]

[Russia wants to hurt a vital sector of the U.S. economy in an election year.]

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The Russians want more revenues, which you usually get in the oil biz by producing while other guys hold back on production. Putin’s approval rating isn’t underwater, but it’s moving in the wrong direction. Russia is the Saudi Arabia of the north in one sense - both the economy and the government’s budget are hugely dependent on oil revenues.

Both the Russians and the Saudis will come back to the table. Neither can take a 50% oil revenue reduction for very long. Saudi Arabia has far more staying power than Russia, though - (1) its sovereign wealth fund is 7x Russia’s, (2) it has 1/4 the population, i.e. fewer mouths clamoring for a share of the oil revenues and (3) Russian oil, at $20 per barrel in production cost, costs twice as much to pump as Saudi oil.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_sovereign_wealth_funds

MBS is right - the Russian ability to survive $25 oil for any length of is minuscule. Before the price war, oil prices were at $45, yielding $25 a barrel in revenues for the Russians. At a price of $25, the Russians would get $5 a barrel in revenues. How will the Russians plug the 80% decline in revenues?

Whereas the Saudi drop, while serious, is far smaller - $45 - $10 (production cost) yields $35 per barrel pre-price war. Post price war, they get $25-$10 = $15 per barrel. That’s still a 60% drop in revenues, but it’s a lot better that Russia’s 80% decline. And as noted above, the Saudis have a bigger war chest and a smaller population over which to spread the oil revenues.

[NorseViking]

[Zhang Fei]

A passage from the origin of your chart:

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https://fromtone.com/the-political-economy-of-russia-in-a-low-oil-price-world/
[Therefore, hydrocarbons are an indirect but very important source of Russia’s growth. As a proportion of Russia’s GDP, their share is relatively low, yet by contributing about 50 percent to the state budget, they serve as a critical source of funding for the secondary economy and the non-resource sectors, recycled through the system of public finances with all the corruption, patronage and clientelism opportunities that such a system allows. Since 2000, an important trend across this secondary economy has been the growing scope of state ownership, and the growth of the public sector and state bureaucracy. Recent estimates suggest that the share of state ownership in the economy has grown from 38 percent in 2006 to 50 percent of Russia’s GDP in 2012, compared to the world average of 30 percent. The crisis of 2008-09 is believed to have escalated the trend. The share of state-controlled companies in Russia has grown, too. For instance, in 1998-99 the state controlled only 10 percent of the oil sector, today, it controls 40-45 percent. In banking, the share is 49 percent, in transportation, 73 percent.

During the 15 years of Putin’s prosperity, the Russian state has expanded its economic presence significantly. The secondary economy of services, manufacturing and the public sector has evolved on the back of the hydrocarbon boom. The data on the growth of the state and its relationship to petrol income is clear: in 2005, the Russian budget was balanced at 20 dollars per barrel, in 2013, the budget was balanced at 102 per barrel dollars. Today, the welfare of many people directly depends on the federal budget and regional transfers and subsidies. In 2004 16.4 million of people were employed in the state sector, today 20 million workers (or 28 percent of the total workforce) are employed in the state sector. This number is higher than the number of people who were employed in the government sector of the Soviet Union. Sustaining and funding this secondary economy is the biggest and most immediate economic challenge facing the Russian authorities amidst the unfolding crisis caused by the collapse of oil revenues.]

[NorseViking]

Yep, that you have cited is one of many opinions. Everybody interprets facts according to own bias. For me the facts are important and the opinions not so much. Also it is not 2013 now and not only the already miniscule role of oil in total Russian economy reduced but also its role in government budget too.
I wonder what would be the same graphic for the Saudis.

[Zhang Fei]

[Also it is not 2013 now and not only the already miniscule role of oil in total Russian economy reduced but also its role in government budget too.]

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The budget revenue role remains substantial. $110b is 2019.

https://www.statista.com/statistics/1028682/russia-federal-budget-oil-and-gas-revenue/

That’s about 1/3 of the 2020 budget of $329b

https://www.rbth.com/business/331534-russian-budget-2020

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[I wonder what would be the same graphic for the Saudis.]

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Oil revenues are 50% of the Saudi budget, about $136b in 2020. This is where that $10 per barrel cost advantage comes in handy.

https://www.reuters.com/article/us-saudi-budget-highlights/highlights-saudi-arabia-releases-272-billion-budget-for-2020-idUSKBN1YD1UG

[Svartalfiar]

Saudi Arabia won’t always be moderate, eventually hardline Islamists will take over there, just a matter of when.

Well they're currently going in the opposite direction. The current king opened up some modernization reforms, and his main successor, Mohammad bin Salmon, has been pushing them even faster. Women are now allowed to drive there.

[Svartalfiar]

Oil exports are about 50% of Russian GDP, and a much higher percent of their government operating revenue. If they F with the Saudi’s, Putin loses.

And for the Sauds, oil revenues are about 80% of their government's budget. They have a lot more to lose, but they have the $$ in the bank to hold on much longer than Russia does.

[Svartalfiar]

Russia is waging an oil price war against the U.S. and its allies.

Russia wants to hurt a vital sector of the U.S. economy in an election year.

Actually, this is more Saudi Arabia waging an oil war on Russia, with OPEC half in the background. Bonus that it hurts Iran. None of this is currently aimed at these US oil production, but it does still hurt.