No, you’re right. It’s trading off range for speed - the Bulava is a 5000-6500km ranged missile (depending on source) as opposed to 10,000km.
Sounds like the Russians decided to design it as a primary mode of delivery.
If they did not get out of the atmosphere macht schnell, I can understand the weird flight anomalies they had on recordings of test flights.
If the Russians are using such a reduced range depressed flight profile, then their SSBN’s must be venturing outside of the “boomer bastions”.