One Bankruptcy, Many Adversaries

Institute for Creation Research ^ | Aug. 2014 | James J. S. Johnson, J.D., Th.D.

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One Bankruptcy, Many Adversaries

by James J. S. Johnson, J.D., Th.D. *

Theistic evolution is like a mega-bankruptcy case containing an almost countless number of adversaries and contests, like piecemeal mini-lawsuits that in aggregate address smaller conflicts within a large-scale mess.1 Within this big picture it’s important to keep in mind that every small-scale “contested matter” and every “adversary” conflict is an important opportunity to advocate for truth.2

Imagine the component problems involved in these famous bankruptcies: Texaco, Chrysler, Enron, CIT Group, Worldcom, General Motors, Washington Mutual, and Lehman Brothers.1

Let’s quickly review some federal bankruptcy law.

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References

For example, imagine the component problems involved in these famous Chapter 11 bankruptcies: Texaco ($35+ billion pre-filing assets involved), TXU / Energy Future ($36+ billion in pre-filing assets), Chrysler ($39+ billion pre-filing assets involved), Enron ($101 billion in income claimed before fraudulent accounting practices buried this energy “giant”; $63+ billion pre-filing assets involved), CIT Group ($71+ billion in pre-filing assets), General Motors ($82+ billion pre-filing assets involved), Worldcom Inc. ($103+ billion in pre-filing assets), Washington Mutual ($327+ billion in pre-filing assets involved), and Lehman Brothers Holdings Inc. ($639+ billion in pre-filing assets involved, the largest bankruptcy filing in U.S. history).
According to Rule 7001 of the Federal Rules of Bankruptcy Procedure, an “adversary proceeding” is a bankruptcy-related mini-lawsuit initiated by an adversary complaint, whereas “contested matters” are initiated by a motion or objection.

U.S. Constitution, article I, section 8, clause 4.
Due process is implemented by 11 U.S.C. § 102 and the Bankruptcy Rules.

See Morris III, H. M. et al. 2013. Creation Basics & Beyond: An In-depth Look at Science, Origins, and Evolution. Dallas, TX: Institute for Creation Research, 13-102.

* Dr. Johnson is Associate Professor of Apologetics and Chief Academic Officer at the Institute for Creation Research.