Below grade like all pipelines not built in permafrost areas.
Approximate mileage for pipeline
The Keystone XL is a proposed 1,179-mile (1,897 km), 36-inch-diameter crude oil pipeline, beginning in Hardisty, Alta., and extending south to Steele City, Neb.
and rail
To where? Once you load on rail most will haul it to markets not served by major pipelines because the oil is worth more in those locations, like NJ refineries. It also cost significantly more to move it this way. It is not a real apples-to-apples comparison.
