Can’t be sure about the first, but the second looks like a shaped-charge, like a Claymore.
The explosion goes out to the street, rather than up-all-over.
Professional job ..................................................................................... FRegards
Agree - blast very focussed. All injuries to lower extremities. Blast was contained in narrow cone.
http://officeofstrategicservices.blogspot.com/2013/04/boston-marathon-minefield-claymore-style.html
OSS NOTES: Clearly, the modus does indicate a well organized effort; the area affected a city block, the devices in synchronized detonation. from the appearance of the blast radius, the debris and the cloud; the bombs were much bigger than speculated as “pipe bombs”. This has all the signature of a Beirut or Damascus type explosion or perhaps something out of the London history books during the “Trouble.”
The cameras were all rolling for the big marathon event. The bombs were tactically placed so that as much as possible of the blast would be caught on tape. From the images, the size of the blast is anything but a “crude device” constructed by an amateur.
A Claymore [M18A1] is not a shaped charge [Munroe efect/HEAT charge] Claymore's are directional, but not focused.
Claymore:
Copper-lined shaped charge cavity of HEAT round shaped charge: