The bill does not alter the rate of compensation. It merely sets up a condition on when and under what conditions the compensation will be issued.
First, there is no constitutional provision that a budget be produced. That is a matter of law passed by Congress in a constitutional manner.
There is a constitutional provision that legislators be compensated. As Marlowe points out, the House desires a law that defines the conditions that must be met in order to receive that compensation. In other words, merely being elected doesn’t entitle them to the compensation, but doing the job does. And not doing a particular, legally based part of the job will have that pay withheld.