LLS
The money that started and adds to the permanent fund is from a portion of the royalties paid for the State Owned mineral rights.
This is not from the additional taxes, like the PPT or the ACES.
Also, most of the money now paid to Alaskans is actually dividends/profit from the large fund built up over the years. Each yearly oil payment is only about 20% of the dollars they receive.
The fund was set up so they could only payout about half the earnings and revenue. That way the fund continues to grow and will be a payout for the future.