>>> they often lead to schizophrenia. <<<<<
Yep, because they’re amphetamines or amphetamine-like in their effect.
Adderall, for example, is basically dexadrine.
Don’t know about the effects on teens but I’ve been taking Adderall XR since I was 31 (about 8 years) when I was diagnosed with adult ADD and it’s been a godsend for me. That’s not to say the concerns about it’s effects (along with other similar medications for ADD and ADHD) on children and teens aren’t valid. I can only speak for myself on how much the medication has helped my focus and organizational skills at work.