It's properly what's called a tax increase. If they were really interested in jet travel emissions they would instead order airplanes to fly at half speed. That would also double employment for flight crews. But really they just want the money, in $50s and $100s, thank you very much.
Aviation is the most fuel efficient mode of transportation ever invented. It blows trains and everything else away. It's just that if you speed up the airplane from 250mph to 500mph it's going to require 4 times the fuel.
No wonder they see a “tax opportunity”...:^)
IIRC a 747 burns about 4000 gal at cruise, industry average occupancy rates 60%(?)... My GMC Suburban 350 ci gas will average 20 mpg @ 60 mph with 100% occupancy (the dogs get a seat each!) We averaged 19.7 Alaska and back.
Do you have any data on your speculation?