– Transmitting technology has already reached these frequencies;
– Nearly all countries in the world use the measuring technology up to 50 GHz and consequently cannot measure the signals at the frequency of 95 GHz.
Other frequencies or areas of electromagnetic radiation could not be taken into consideration since:
– The frequency of 34 GHz is rather occupied and can be measured in nearly all countries,
– Infrared radiation (0.78 to 100 μm) is visible and can be measured,
– Visible light (0.39 to 0.78 μm) can be seen,
– Ultraviolet (UV) radiation (0.20 do 0.39 μm) is harmful to cells and causes cancer of the skin,
– Laser (λ = 380 to 950 nm): it has been established that the level causing pain may blind the man.
Effects on human beings ... strength and form of the signal, transmitter
Effects of electromagnetic radiation on human beings depend on the frequency, strength and form of the signal.
Strength and form of the signal depend on the transmitter power.
Effects of electromagnetic radiation on human beings are divided into thermal and non-thermal.
Thermal effects
Tests were made on a model human being with temperature 34 ºC. The US scientists established that the model perceived variation in temperature by 0.1 ºC, which means the power density of 45 W/m2.
Pain threshold occurs at the temperature higher by 10 ºC, which means Smin = 12 500 W/m2.
To achieve the pain threshold at the edge of the ADT effective range (640 m), the power density should be doubled to 25 000W/m2.
Yet, by power density S = 25 000 W/m2 only the pain threshold is reached.
General professional public has not known the strength of the microwave radiation power density that would cause pain sensation forcing the man to withdraw, still without any injuries, yet. For that purpose the manufacturers are performing further tests.
A simple example might be of help.
The maximum radiation power of the sun has usual value 800 W/m2. In secondary school textbooks of physics an example of focusing the sunlight using a 5 cm lens is given. When a beam of sunlight is reduced approximately to the width of 8 mm it causes unbearable pain sensation in less than a second. The strength of electromagnetic radiation of the visible light increases from 800 W/m2 to 31 250 W/m2 by focusing.
Therefore, the strength of radiation at the frequency of 95 GHz causing a pain sensation should be doubled at least to exceed twice its threshold value thus causing a severe pain. In that case the power density Sd,max would be 50 000 W/m2.
Transmitter
In order to reach double threshold pain sensation at the maximum of the ADT effective range the transmitter power of a 2m parabolic antenna with 95 % efficiency should be:
Pd,max ≥ 0.83 Sd,max= 41 500 W.
Consequently, at the edge of the ADT effective range double power is necessary, i.e. 83 000 W.
However, this power would not be sufficient. To transfer the energy from a transmitter to antenna a wave-guide is used. At the frequency of 95 GHz the losses of energy are inevitable and amount to 20 % approximately when high technology confocal wave-guides are involved.
Taking into account all the above, the power of the transmitter should be at least 100 kW.
Pentagon declared the power of the ADT transmitter to be 100 kW although no further explanation of the power was given.
The following will help us to arrive at the correct conclusion. There are two types of power - the average and peak.
The average power means the power that heats a certain quantity of water to a certain temperature, or, heats the skin and causes a pain sensation. When lower frequencies are involved this power is called effective transmitter power.
So far, it has not been heard or seen that a transmitter with effective power of 100 kW and the frequency of 95 GHz would exist.
Most certainly it is the peak power and pulse transmission that are involved.
http://www2.arnes.si/~lgrego7/ADT-Article.html
McDonalds has been working on this technology for years,,,