I am coming from an anecdotal experience.
Where do they get sent today ?
I know where some get sent.
and a cousin died because of or in spite of it..@ 26 years old with a needle in his arm, found by his 8 year old son.
I along with my sister, was raised in a German Roman Catholic Orphanage from 58-67.(Sister 58-69) It was run by mostly nuns and 5 priests.
Place was run quasi-military style. Discipline based on silence and corporal and other punishments.
2 years later, 1969, i was drafted into the United States Marine Corps - I was ready for boot camp which was 13 weeks.
(On the plane going to boot camp, guy next to me was in the Marines because he judge gave him an option of that or penitentary)
The Orphan Asylum made this place look like club-med. We were natured ok but not nurtured.
They took kids from baby thru H.S. graduation.
There were no “can't” make it kids regardless of physical or mental handicap.
The incorrigibles were sent to juvie. I never knew what happened to them.
I have very little hard bark about the place anymore, as i came to realize, that it saved my life.
Again where else do you send the “at-risk and unmotivated boys” that can't make it ?
Job Corps?