Yes, images get uploaded within wp-admin?media/add new. Don’t need a path if you’re adding an image to a post. If you’re wanting the path for other reasons, go to media library, click image and the url will be on the right.
Wordpress keep images in wp-content/uploads and usually creates folders for year/month so it would be https://mywebsite.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/myimage.jpg
I think part of the confusion is I’m not sure if I’m in WordPress or godaddy
In the dashboard there’s a menu that says edit website, my photos, my business, and create social media post.